Q1. Name one function of a stairs? The function of stairs is to provide easy walking access from one floor or level to another in safety. Stairs must be strong enough to carry the weight of people using them and also the weight of any equipment or furniture being moved from one level to another. Stairs must be fire resistant for a sufficient length of time to provide a safe means of escape for the occupants of the building. Q2. What are the four classifications of stairs? Private Stairway - A stairs within a building or providing access to only one dwelling. 2. Common Stairway - A stairs providing access to more than one dwelling. 3. Accommodation Stairway - A stairway connecting not more than 2 stories in a building. 4. Escape Stairway - Stairs forming part of a fire escape route. Q3. Of the many aspects to be considered when a stair is designed, name two that should receive prime consideration? The sitting of the proposed stair – whether there is enough room; Construction and installation details muct conform with current Building Regulations; Suitable material for the stair members; The finished appearance (asthetics).

Q4. Name threee different types of stairs? 1. Straight Flight 2. Straight Flight with Winders at the top 3. Quarter space landing 4. Dog-leg stair with Half-space landing 5. Open-well stair with Landings Q5. To check that the rise and going dimensions comply with the Two quarter-space Building Regulations, what is the formula is used to do so? The sum of twice the rise plus the going (2R+G) should be between 550mm and 700mm with an optimum (ideal) 600mm. Q6. What are the regulations for the going, rise and pitch for a stairs? Make sketch to show detail.. . Dimensions for Going 220 mm min. (250 mm optimum). Dimensions for Rise 220 mm max. (175 mm optimum). Angle of pitch: 420 max (350 optimum). Nosing 16mm min Pitch line Going 220mm min Rise 220mm max Pitch 420 max

Landing at bottom of stairs at Least 400mm clear of door swing Q7. Make sketchs of the regulations in relation to landings on stairs and on the bottom of the stairs, Guarding, handrail height, and headroom. Landing at bottom of stairs at Least 400mm clear of door swing Landing width not less than 800mm or width of stairway Or whichever is greater Ensure that a 100mm Diameter sphere cannot Pass through any opening In the balustrade or guarding Private stairs should have a width of not less than 800 mm. A handrail should be fitted between 840 mm and 900 mm vertically above the pitch line. A handrail must be fixed on each side of a stairs if it is 1 meter wide or more.

Handrail Handrail 840-900mm Measured vertically Above the pitch line Pitch line Headroom 1.5 m measured Perpendicular to the pitch line Headroom 2 m Measured vertically Above the pitch line 1.8 Min – short flights only

Q8. Whats the maximum amount of risers in a single flight of stairs? There should not be more than sixteen risers in anyone flight. This is the maximum number of step, that the average person can climb safely without requiring a rest. A flight containing one or two risers should be situated at the bottom of the stairs. Q9. Using the sketch of the stairs calculate the risers and treads making sure it complys with the building regulations. Assume 14 risers = 2700/14 = 192.8 =193mm each 13 treads = 3000/13 = 230.76 = 231mm each Check: (2R+G) = (2 x 193 +231) = 617mm Which is within the Regulations. Q10 Make a labeld sketch of the string, handrail and newel post showing all construction detail? Handrail Newel Extended Newel