Catalyst #5: November 17th, 2014 What is the function of ribosomes? Transport proteins Store DNA Destroy waste Synthesize proteins What part of the plant cell produces food? What is the function of mitochondria? Transport proteins Produce energy Synthesize proteins Destroy waste Why do plant cells need a cell wall?

Agenda Catalyst (5 minutes) **Honors: Bacteria Culture, Day 1 Cell Review Stations (Remaining) Homework: DBA #11 THE LAST ONE OF SEMESTER ONE: Due 11/27 Honors Projects: 2 weeks and 4 days

Announcements The Cell as a ______________ Mini-Project DBA #10 Dojo review Discovery letters Cell quiz TOMORROW

Review Stations Handout Instructions at each station (Right side versus left side) Expectations: Your stuff, volume, when you leave a station

Catalyst: November 18th, 2014(4 minutes) Cellular Organelle Quiz You need a sheet of paper and a quiz 9 questions

Quiz Expectations 9 questions Don’t be a derp Protect your intellectual property! When you finish…

Microscope Notes(15 minutes) Understanding the Microscope (10 minutes) Agenda Catalyst (5 minutes) Microscope Notes(15 minutes) Understanding the Microscope (10 minutes) Partner quiz: Remaining Homework: Dba #11: 11.27

Microscope Notes(15 minutes) Understanding the Microscope (10 minutes) Agenda: Honors Catalyst (5 minutes) Bacteria Cultures, DAY 2 Microscope Notes(15 minutes) Understanding the Microscope (10 minutes) Homework: HP: 2 weeks; three days DBA #11: 11/27

Announcements Office hours today! Unit 4 study guide

Unit 4: Guiding Questions What are all living organisms made up of? What does each part of the cell do? What different types of cells exist and how are they different? What tools are used to study the cell?

Today’s Objectives SWBAT determine the type of microscope to be used in a given situation SWBAT identify and label the most critical components of the microscope SWBAT calculate the magnification of an object based on the lenses used.

The Microscope Biology

Early Microscopes Review– who discovered the cell? Robert Hooke English scientist Robert Hooke was one of the first scientists to create and use a microscope

Early Microscopes Another scientist, Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, built a microscope similar to Hooke’s and improved microscope technology in the late 1600s Known as the “father of microscopy” Used the microscope to view pond water I have gorgeous hair.

Improvements in Technology Since the 1600s, the microscope has developed tremendously These developments have given scientists the ability to study cells in greater detail than ever imagined

Modern Microscopes Key Point 1: There are two main types of microscope commonly used by scientists today Light microscopes Electron microscopes

Light Microscopes Light microscopes use a series of glass lenses and visible light to produce a magnified image Key Point 2: Light microscopes are typically used to view only the basic features of a cell or microorganism Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Light Microscope Scientists often stain cells with dyes to see them better when using a light microscope The maximum magnification with the light microscope is about 1000x

Electron Microscope Electron microscopes use a magnet to aim a beam of electrons at thin slices of cells Key Point 3: Electron microscopes are typically used to view the details of cells, such as specific organelles Mitochondria, ER, Golgi apparatus etc.

Electron Microscope

Electron Microscope Only non-living cells and tissues can be used under the electron microscope Maximum magnification is about 500,000x Much more powerful than the light microscope

Electron Microscope

Light vs. Electron Microscopes Light Microscope: Older Imaged formed by light and lenses Used to view basic structures of cells Less powerful 1,000x Electron Microscope: Newer Imaged formed by magnets and beams of electrons Used to view tiny details and structures of cells Much more powerful 500,000x

Parts of the Microscope To the right is a picture of a light microscope We will review the function of each part

Parts of the Microscope A: Ocular Lens (Eye Piece) Used to view sample Magnifies the image 10x B: Arm Used to carry the microscope C: Objective Lenses Magnify the image 4x, 10x, or 40x

Parts of the Microscope D: Stage Holds the microscope slide E: Coarse Adjustment Knob Focuses the image Always used first F: Fine Adjustment Knob Focuses the details of the image Always used second

Total Magnification 4x (red) X 10x=40x total magnification Key Point 4: To calculate the total magnification of a light microscope multiply the power of the ocular lens (10x) by the power of the objective lens (4x, 10x, 40 x or 100x) 4x (red) X 10x=40x total magnification 10x (yellow) X 10x=100x total magnification 40x (blue) X 10x=400x total magnification 100x X 10x=1000x total magnification

CFUs: Parts of the Microscope #1-5: Write the name of the part labeled by the number. #6: What would be the total magnification of an object if the ocular lens is 10x an the objective lens is 60x? #7: What type of microscope would be best to use if you wanted to see mitochondria in a cell? #8: What knob do you always turn first to focus the image?

Microscope Partner Quiz In groups of two or three Each group gets a microscope (safely handling microscope demo) Take turns pointing to different parts of the microscope and having your partner name that piece (with no notes!) When you feel like you have prepared enough, raise your hand. Ms M. will come and quiz you!