Situation in sector of waste batteries and accumulators in Slovakia Elena Bodíková EIB Consult, s.r.o. Bratislava

Legislative framework Waste Act No 223/2001 Coll. Decree of MoE 310/2013 Coll. on implementation of the Waste Act Decree of MoE 127/2004 Coll. on contributions to the Recycling Fund

Recycling Fund non-state fund for gathering of financial contributions from producers and importers of chosen goods – B&A among them; money were used for building waste infrastructure, not for meeting collection and recycling limits financial support of municipalities (separate collection of plastics, paper, glass and metal wastes)

Recycling Fund Producers and importers are obliged to pay the contribution according to amount of goods put on the marked Producers of B&A are obliged to meet collection and recycling limits; for the amount of waste B&A over the given limits contributions to the RF must be paid or the confirmation on recycling must be given

Recycling Fund Advantages: Waste infrastructure was built, but in waste B&A mostly private money were used (only 1 facility for waste B&A was built with RF financing) Disadvantages: Not clear and standard market Business with confirmations, not waste recycling Monopoles in waste B&A sector High prices for waste B&A recycling

Extended producer responsibility From 1st January 2014 Producers are responsible for meeting the collection and recycling limits standard in EU Producers are obliged for financing the system of waste B&A collection, recycling, recovery and disposal Standard European model

B&A producers in SK Registered producers Portable B&A Automotive B&A Industrial B&A 908 787 110 137

Waste B&A production in SK type/year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 lead B&A 2308,23 2456,29 1475,5 1736,74 1760,36 Ni - Cd B&A 187,7 245,85 297,4 142,54 156,47 mercury B&A 5,35 53,64 0,63 22,2 0,06 non-separated B&A from municipal waste 552,73 460,88 235,1 201,49 424,33 alkaline B&A 3,84 9,21 21,54 53,46 88,74 non-hazardous B&A 3,21 6,33 17,87 17,29 37,85 non-hazardous B&A from municipal waste 8,02 13,91 83,83 9,56 3,44 total 3069,08 3246,11 2131,87 2183,29 2471,25

Waste B&A production in SK (2012)

Waste B&A management in SK   2010 2011 2012 [t] [%] Recycling 1181,87 55,44% 1561,4 71,52% 1907,87 77,20% Recovery 699,11 32,79% 465,52 21,32% 477,3 19,31% Landfilling 175,08 8,21% 64,66 2,96% 53,1 2,15% Disposal other 4,26 0,20% 31,29 1,43% 5,3 0,21% Other (storage...) 71,57 3,36% 60,42 2,77% 27,69 1,12% Total  2131,89 100,00% 2183,29 2471,26

Waste B&A management in SK (2012)

Lead B&A production in SK

Lead batteries management in SK (2012)

Used B&A operations Authorisation of MoE MACH TRADE – recycling of lead batteries INSA – collection and sorting of portable batteries ŽOS-EKO – Ni-CD industrial B&A treatment Elektro Recycling – Hg B&A recycling AKU-TRANS – transport of lead B&A Several companies – collection of B&A

Lead B&A recycling in SK

Lead B&A recycling in SK MACH TRADE Sereď Pyrometallurgical process (Engitech technology) Inputs: used lead B&A whole or after primary dismantling Outputs: pure lead, ebonite, PP Desulphurisation – Na2SO4

Lead B&A recycling in SK

Ni-CD B&A treatment in SK ŽOS-EKO Vrútky Ni-Cd B&A from railway operation and other industrial usage Dismantling → pure metals and wastes (landfilling)

Lead B&A recycling in SK

Hg B&A recycling in SK Elektro Recycling Slovenská Ľupča Closed technology (dismantling → distillation → pure mercury) Together with other Hg wastes (lightening sources)

Portable B&A treatment in SK INSA Sereď Collection and sorting (sorting technology based on content of metal in the B&A – radioactive beams) Recycling together with lead with the aim to get the demanded quality and composition of lead

Thank you for your attention Ing. Elena Bodíková, PhD. EIB Consult, s.r.o. Ivana Bukovčana 26 841 08 Bratislava mobil: +421 904 128 130 elena.bodikova@eibconsult.sk www.eibconsult.sk