Problematics Present status Perspectives A. Lefebvre-Schuhl

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Presentation transcript:

12C(a,g)16O thermonuclear reaction rate: present status and perspectives Problematics Present status Perspectives A. Lefebvre-Schuhl CSNSM Orsay December 14th 2007 ESF-Athens A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14

Helium burning Influence on: [C]/[O] 12C+4He 16O 0+ 9.64 7.65 4.44 3- 2+ (7.16) 2- 1- 6.05 6.13 6.92 7.12 8.87 9.59 12C+4He 16O Helium burning 3  12C Influence on: [C]/[O] Further hydrostatic burning stages Final states of stars A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14

(g-ray angular distributions) 12C (a, g) 16O T ~ 0.2 x 109 K  E(Gamow peak) ~ 300 keV (300 keV)  10-17 barn ! Reaction rates  Extrapolation : R- or K-matrix formalism Microscopic cluster models For each contribution: capture to the ground state and to excited states E2 : Direct capture E1 : large 1- subthreshold resonance + 1- level below the reaction threshold + 2+ level below the reaction threshold Need of E1, E2 for E*  ground state (g-ray angular distributions) A. Lefebvre-Schuhl and for E*  excited state ESF-Athens 2007/12/14

Indirect methods : b-delayed a-decay of 16N 16O Coulomb breakup Transfer reaction, ANC method Trojan-horse method b-delayed p-decay of 17Ne Indirect methods : A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 R: 79  21 keVb K: 82  26 keVb SE1(300) 16N → b- + 16O → a + 12C Azuma et al. Phys. Rev. C 50, (1994) 1194

Direct methods in direct kinematics: a-beam, 12C target g-ray angular distribution : in a few steps (turn table) simultaneously (4p-array) Intense a-beam : up to 700 pmA (Stuttgart dynamitron) pulsed a-beams (Tokyo, Karlsruhe) 12C targets: isotopically pure and resistant to a-beams : 12C implantation efficient water cooling sophisticated g-ray arrays: angular distribution, background suppression: shieldings or coincidences with pulsed beams A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14

g-ray angular distributions : in a few steps: turn table (as Kunz et al, Fey et al...) simultaneously: 4p-array (as Assunçao et al) A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 « Eurogam » setup Ex : Assunçao et al. PRC 73 (2006) 055801 : g-ray angular distribution at 9 different angles simultaneously with 9 HP-Ge detectors  very good energy resolution Ecm eff = 1.310 MeV Compton suppression (active BGO shields) Total g efficiency at 10 MeV : 1.2x10-3 in experimental conditions (7 10-3 at 1.33MeV)

Present SE1 results to the ground state R-matrix fits of a-scattering data b-delayed a-decay of 16N the radiative capture data taking into account 3 levels  4 interference combinations Hammer et al. Nucl. Phys. A758 (2005) 363 Best -> SE1(300) = 7717 keVb c2 A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14

Present SE2 results to the ground state R-matrix fits of a-scattering data the radiative capture data taking into account 5 levels  16 interference combinations Best -> SE2(300) = 81  22 keVb c2 Hammer et al.Nucl. Phys. A758 (2005) 363 A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14

Cascades and Stot SE1, SE2 to ground state and the others : g-cascades through: 6.05, 6.92, 7.12 MeV levels High g-ray background: Up to 2006, only based on intensities of the 6.92 MeV and 7.12 MeV or both together g-ray considered as giving the cascade amount:  only an upper limit Results obtained either in direct or inverse kinematics

Cascades to the 6.92 and 7.12 MeV levels Redder et al. Nucl.Phys. A462, 385 (1987) 6.92 x : Kettner et al. Z. Phys. A 308 (1982) 73 - : Redder et al. Nucl.Phys. A462, 385 (1987) Buchmann& Barnes Nucl. Phys. A777 (2006) 254 S6.9(300) =7 keVb S6.9(300) =7+13 keVb -4 S7.1(300) = 1.3 keVb A. Lefebvre-Schuhl FINUSTAR 2 2007/09/12

Direct methods in inverse kinematics: 12C-beam, 4He-gas target 12Cn+ 16Om+ g-ray detection 16O-recoil measurement Ecm=2.0 MeV s ≈ 10 nb 16O DE-E A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 European Recoil Separator for Nuclear Astrophysics

Thanks Schürmann, Kunz, Strieder et al. A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 ERNA‘s data Schürmann et al. EpJ A 26 (2005) 301 Thanks Schürmann, Kunz, Strieder et al. E1, E2, cascades (6.92+7.12) and total contributions R-Matrix calculation Kunz et al. Ap.J. 567 (2002) 643 E1 and E2 data Assunçao et al. PRC 73(2006)055801 and Fey et al. to be published

Detector of Recoils and Gammas of Nuclear reactions A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 g-array: BGO Detector of Recoils and Gammas of Nuclear reactions

Cascades to the 6.045 MeV level A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 Cascades to the 6.045 MeV level Matei et al. PRL 97 (2006) 242503 DRAGON TRIUMF S6.0(300) = 25+16 keVb -15 Detector of Recoils and Gammas of Nuclear reactions

Thanks Kunz, Strieder et al. A. Lefebvre-Schuhl ESF-Athens 2007/12/14 ERNA‘s data Schürmann et al. EpJ A 26 (2005) 301 Thanks Kunz, Strieder et al. Preliminary results : new R-matrix calculation, Kunz et al. Preliminary results : new R-matrix calculation, Kunz et al.

3 R-matrix calculations S(300) A. Lefebvre-Schuhl FINUSTAR 2 2007/09/12 3 R-matrix calculations S(300) E10 E20 Casc. Total Fey et al (2004) 2 experiments + previous Ecm eff: 0.89-2.8 MeV 77  17 keVb 81  22 keVb 4  4 keVb 162  39 keVb Buchmann and Barnes (2006) All available data + ERNA +DRAGON 80  20 keVb 53+13 keVb 7+13 keVb (6.92 MeV) 25+16 keVb (6.05 MeV) -18 -4 -15 (S=165 keVb) NACRE (1999) 79  21 keVb 120  60 keVb

Future : Dense jet gas vs 12C targets 16N → b- + 16O → a + 12C New measurements to increase the precision on the SE1 Recoil separators : 2 in use : DRAGON (TRIUMF) and ERNA (Bochum) Detection efficiency : up to 100% of the more probable charge state at the charge equilibrium (50% of the 16O with a poststripper) - present limitations : intensity through WF, target extension only the total cross section R&D Future : Dense jet gas vs 12C targets (Coincidences with) a new g-ray detector array (angular distributions, cascades) R&D A. Lefebvre-Schuhl FINUSTAR 2 2007/09/12

Future : Accelerator of intense 4He beam Such as a 3 to 5 MV Pelletron with ECR source With pulsed beams? + a recoil separator (for inverse kinematics studies) with dense jet gas target (R&D needed to reach low energies)

+ a new g-ray detector array energy resolution vs efficiency enough statistics to separate the transitions With Ge detectors ? 10.76 7.93 6.02 4.74 4.61 4.50 K 1.78 27Al (p,g) 28Si Ep = 992 keV LaBr3(Ce) 2’’x2’’ Preliminary results : Cimala et al. Kraków, Debrecen, Orsay, Warsaw or new ones ? Preliminary results : Cimala et al. Kraków, Debrecen, Orsay Warsaw A Paris detector ? (LaBr3 + CsI)

Eurogam-detector collaboration M. Assunção, M. Fey, A. Lefebvre-Schuhl, J. Kiener, V. Tatischeff, J.W. Hammer, C. Beck, C. Boukari-Pelissie, A. Coc, J.J. Correia, S. Courtin, F. Fleurot, E. Galanopoulos, C. Grama, F. Haas, F. Hammache, F. Hannachi, S. Harissopulos, A. Korichi, R. Kunz, D. Ledu, A. Lopez-Martens, D. Malcherek, R. Meunier, Th. Paradellis, M. Rousseau, N. Rowley, G. Staudt, S. Szilner, J.P. Thibaud, J.L. Weil CSNSM-Orsay; IfS-Stuttgart; IPHC/IReS-Strasbourg; KVI-Groningen; INP-Athens; GSI-Darmstadt (IPN-Orsay); PI-Tübingen; DP-Lexington (II-Budapest) ERNA’s collaboration L. Gialanella, G. Imbriani, A. Ordine, V. Roca, M. Romano, R. Kunz, A. di Leva, D. Rogalla, C. Rolfs, D. Schürmann, F. Strieder, N. De Cesare, A. D'Onofrio, C. Lubritto, F. Terrasi, A. Lefebvre-Schuhl, J.P. Thibaud, C. Beck, S. Courtin, F. Haas, D. Lebhertz, M.-D. Salsac, F. Hammache, N de Séréville, F. de Oliveira; P. Papka, S. Harissopulos, A. Lagoyannis, Th. Konstantinopoulos INFN & Univ.-Naples; IE3-Bochum; CSNSM-Orsay; IPHC-Strasbourg; IPN-Orsay; GANIL-CAEN; iTLABS; INP-Demokritos PARIS collaboration 100 physicists, engineers and PhD students, 38 institutions from 16 countries and principally : IFJ PAN-Kraków, ATOMKI-Debrecen, CSNSN-Orsay and Univ.-Warsaw

LaBr3(Ce) 2’’x2’’ NaI 4’’x4’’ 10.7 0.

To separate cascades through 7.12, 6.92, 6.05 ? g-ray width for a 2''x2'' at 15 cm Ecm (MeV) 3,00 2,00 Eg at rest (MeV) 10 7 3 9 2 Eg at rest x 0,02 (keV) 203 140 63 183 43 Doppler shift at 90° (keV) 117 81 34 86 66 18 In inverse kinematics, Doppler shift : not too constraining !