Skin scars Scars : are areas of fibrous tissue (fibrosis) that replace normal skin after injury. A scar results from the biological process of wound repair in the skin and other tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process

Types of scars Acne scars: there are many types of acne scars, ranging from deep pits to scars that are angular or wavelike in appearance. Treatment options depends on the type of acne scar.

Types of scars Keloid scars : they result from aggressive healing process. They extend beyond the original injury. Treatments include surgery to remove the scar, steroid injections, or silicone sheets to flatten the scar.

Types of scars Hypertrophic scars: these are raised, red scars that are similar to keloids but do not go beyond the boundary of injury. Treatment include injections of steroids to reduce inflammation or silicone sheets, which flatten the scar.

Scar types Contracture scars: results from burns, these scars tighten the skin, which can impair your ability to move, contracture scars may also go deeper, affecting muscles and nerves

Treatment of Scars 1.Collagen induction therapy: involves repeatedly puncturing the skin with tiny, sterile needles. 2. chemical peels: used in treatment of superficial acne scars. 3. filler injections: filler injection of collagen to raise the level of the scars to the level of the surrounding tissue. 4. laser treatment 5. surgery 6. steroids: helps to flatten and soften the appearance of keloid or hypertrophic scars. 7. radiotherapy 8. vitamins 9. creams and ointments

Anti scar creams Mebo: is a Chinese herbal compound that contains: sesame oil and bees wax it’s very oily and has a strong odor the use of mebo reduces scaring and redness it should be applied every 4-6 hours to exposed wounds 10-12 hours to covered wounds also reduces infection risk and decreases treatment time, helps return elasticity to damaged skin. Used for: acne scars, scars caused by surgery, burns, dermatitis. It also contains cactus extract which are rich in linoleic acid, vitamin E, and tyramine.

Mechanism of action The exact mechanism of action of MEBO has not been fully elucidated, but it is thought that this oil-based ointment provides a moist environment for epithelial regeneration to occur with the added anti-inflammatory effects of beta-sitosterol and antimicrobial effects of berberine.

solcoseryl Solcoseryl is a tissue metabolism activator, chemically and biologically standardized - deproteinised, non antigenic and apyrogenic hemodialized extract form the blood of healthy young calf. It contains large amounts of natural low molecular weight substances like glycolipids, nucleosides, nucleotides, amino acids, oligopeptides, irreplaceable microelements, electrolytes, intervening products of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. It stimulates cellular oxygen consumption, especially in cases of hypoxia, normalizes metabolism, glucose transport, stimulates ATP synthesis, accelerates regeneration in reversible cell and tissue damage. Stimulates angiogenesis, promotes revascularization of ischemic tissue, creation of conditions for collagen synthesis and growth of new granulation tissue, accelerates revitalization and wound coverage. Possesses membrane-stabilizing and cell-protecting properties. Indications: burns, ulcers and venous insufficiency.

spectragel Is a silicone elastomer gel indicated for safe and effective management of both old and new hyper trophic and keloid scars . It can be applied on facial features ,skin folds ,limbs and joints ,its water repellent , oderless and invisible in just 5-10 minutes , its easy to apply.

Contractubex Effective for all scar types ,it promotes the healing processes of the skin and reduces scarring ,it reduces redness, itching, makes the scar smoother and enhances elasticity. Content: extractum cepae, heparin, allantoin Apply as soon as the wound is closed its easy and safe to apply to children and even babies . Applied 2-3 times daily for 3 months, with old scars apply 3 times daily for 6 months

Zeraderm Is a silicone polymeric compound gel for the management of keloid and hypertropic scars upon exposure to air it forms an invisible air permeable ,water repellent membrane . Small amount is applied twice daily with a cotton swab .

Cica-care Is a self adhesive silicone gel sheet its 90% effective in improvement of red, dark, raised scars. Its durable ,comfortable and re usable , ideal for day and night use Safe to use on children and adults used 2-4 months , it locks moisture into the skin around the scar . Decreases blood supply and deposit of collagen , this makes the scar tissue paler in color closer to the natural color of the skin

DuoDerm DuoDERM Hydroactive Sterile Gel is a clear, preservative-free, viscous hydrogel that incorporates a unique hydrocolloid formulation that distinguishes it from other hydrocolloid dressings. It is indicated for the management of partial and full-thickness wounds, ideally as a filler for dry cavity wounds to provide a moist healing environment.

Phenytoin 10% Topical phenytoin is a powerful wounds healing, phenytoin showed better therapeutic and cosmetic results by healing faster with more intense epithelization in wounds in comparison with cream (control) phenytoin application resulted in a smaller area and a shorter healing time also the intesnsity of exudates, bleeding. and the epithelization were more intense in phenytoin treated wounds, it stimulates collagen deposition, fibroblast proliferation, glucocorticoids antagonism and has anti bacterial activity.