ENZYMES.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
E N Z Y M E S What are they? What do they do? How do they work?
Advertisements

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of reactions in biological processes All enzymes are proteins, coded for by genes Enzymes are.
B3. Enzymes Pg
Enzymes Enzymes Enzymes: are proteins made of amino acids.Enzymes: are proteins made of amino acids. -Catalyst: they speed up chemical reactions & lower.
Enzymes.
THE ROLE OF ENZYMES ENZYMES ARE “BOSSY” PROTEINS.
How do enzymes help to regulate life functions? Read enzyme article.
1 Enzymes Enzymes Enzyme Action Factors Affecting Enzyme Action.
Enzymes Enzymes a Fun Introduction Enzymes: what they are
1 Look up the definitions to these terms: Enzyme Enzyme Substrate/ Reactant Substrate/ Reactant Product Product Reaction Reaction Active site Active site.
1 Enzymes This is a video, click below to see clip. If it doesn’t work, copy and paste link to see video. bug.
ENZYMES. Enzymes are proteins that act on a substance called a substrate. enzyme substrate > product In the above reaction the enzyme's active.
Enzymes Part II: Factors that Affect Enzymes Factors that Affect Enzyme Activity (Rate of Reaction) : 1.Environmental Conditions 2.Cofactors and Coenzymes.
1 Enzymes Enzymes Factors Affecting Enzyme Action.
Aim: What are enzymes? I. Enzymes (Organic Catalysts) – proteins that change the rate of a chemical reaction (usually speeds it up). A. Characteristics.
Enzymes The PROTEIN catalyst of life. Enzymes…. are protein substances that are necessary for: 1. The chemical reactions that occur in your body. Ex.
Aim 7E: How do enzymes control chemical reactions?
 Enzymes – are protein substances that are necessary for most of the chemical reactions that occur in living cells  Enzymes affect the rate or speed.
Mrs. Degl1 Enzymes Enzymes are organic catalysts that are the principle regulators of most chemical activity present in living organisms. Each chemical.
Chemistry of Life Biology chapter 2.4. Enzymes (Proteins)  Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in nearly all metabolic processes (essential for.
Proteins. Proteins Do Everything!! Proteins All proteins are polymers of amino acids. There are only 20 amino acids and they are used by organisms to.
MENU OF THE DAY. TEMPER SIZE SPEED HEIGHT Enzymes’
Enzymes. Enzymes are Catalysts Catalysts lower the activation energy of a reaction. Catalysts lower the activation energy of a reaction. Makes the reaction.
Enzymes. Introduction Enzymes = organic molecules act as catalysts – Type of protein Catalyst = reduce amount of activation energy needed for reaction.
Chemical Reactions & Catalysts. CHEMICAL REACTIONS a process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals a process that changes one.
Enzyme Structure Enzymes are proteins, which are chains of amino acids Enzymes have a folded, 3D shape This shape determines an enzyme’s function ENZYME.
The controller of all CHEMICAL reactions in your body
Enzymes They’re terrific, they’re specific, without them life would be horrific! Shape, Function, Action!
ENZYMES.
Enzymes Definition and Classification
Enzymes.
Very important proteins
Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
Enzymes.
We couldn’t live with out them!
GOAL: Enzyme Action Do Now: What is the job of our liver?
Enzymes Promote Chemical Reactions
Enzymes.
Aim #20: How do enzymes control the rate of chemical reactions?
Enzymes.
Catalysts speed up the rate of the reaction.
Enzymes: Biological Catalysts
Enzymes: Specialized Protein molecules
Catalysts speed up the rate of the reaction.
By Marian and Emma-Rose
Enzymes are “Bossy” Proteins
Biology Notes Biology & Biochemistry Part 5 Pages 50-56
Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
By: Lili Ruger and Amy Hanson
Enzymes.
ENZYMES….. The protein catalyst
Enzymes.
Enzymes.
GOAL: Enzyme Action Do Now: What is the job of our liver?
ENZYMES made of Proteins
Enzymes.
Enzymes Foldable Notes.
Identify and Investigate the role of enzymes.
Enzymes Biology 12.
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
What are enzymes?. What are enzymes? ENZYMES ARE A SPECIAL TYPE OF PROTEIN! Enzymes are Biological catalysts that increase the rate of metabolic reactions.
Biomolecules Enzymes.
Biology Notes Biology & Biochemistry Part 5 Pages 50-56
Warm-Up Write down everything you know about enzymes (what are they made of, what do they do, what affects them, why are they important, etc.)
IV. pH H2O H+ + OH- A. Dissociation of Water Molecules:
Enzymes are “Bossy” Proteins
Enzymes: Special Proteins
How Enzymes Work Goals:
Chemistry of Living Things
Enzymes.
Presentation transcript:

ENZYMES

WHAT IS AN ENZYME? organic catalyst catlalyst - assists the reaction but remain unchanged when the reaction is over. Reusable each chemical reaction requires one enzyme

modify the rate of reactions structure large complex proteins consisting of one or more polypeptide chains whose names end in –ase substrate – substance worked on by enzyme

ENZYME SUBSTRATE maltase maltose lipase lipids protease proteins amylase amylose

protein nature – either all protein or proteinc with non-protein parts, called coenzymes – also known as VITAMINS active site – formation of pockets into which reacting molecules fit

HOW DO ENZYMES WORK? 2 MODELS OF ENZYME FUNCTION ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX “LOCK AND KEY” MODEL

ENZYME SUBSTRATE COMPLEX enzyme forms a temporary association with a substance whose reaction rate is affected close physical association between enzyme and substrate is formed  enzyme-substrate complex

enzyme action takes place in enzyme-substrate complex upon completion of reaction, enzyme and product(s) separate, enzyme is available for another reaction

LOCK AND KEY MODEL particular enzyme will usually only form a complex with one particular type of substrate

WHAT INFLUENCES ENZYMES? TEMPERATURE AMOUNT OF ENZYME & SUBSTRATE pH

TEMPERATURE reaction rate increases until an optimum temperature enzyme action rate decreases At high temperatures, enzymes denature

AMOUNT OF ENZYME & SUBSTRATE when an excess of substrate is added, the rate of enzyme action increases to a point then remains fixed as long as the enzyme concentration remains constant

pH enzymes work best at different pH ranges

**a pH of 7 provides the optimum environment** acids - high H+ concentration which means LOW pH – below 7 bases – low H+ concentration which means HIGH pH – above 7