The French and Indian War

Agenda 1. Bell Ringer: What happened to Mary Jemison and her family? (15) 2. Notes: French and Indian Conflict (20) 3. Video Clip, Fort Necessity (10) 4. Cause and Effect Analysis, French and Indian War (15) 5. Join or Die Analysis (10) 6. Before and after map analysis (10) HW: Test Correction Policy.

Rivals for an Empire British Colonists were feeling crowded on the Eastern Seaboard, and wanted to move West. However, the French controlled the West (Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys) French settlers did not look towards building permanent cities, they focused on trade with the Natives. They construct Fort Duquesne near Pittsburgh in 1754, but the British wanted access to land in Ohio.

Fort Necessity George Washington creates Fort Necessity 40 miles from Dusquene. When he attacks the French, they quickly overrun his forces and they must retreat. Canadian and Indian regiments swarm to the right of Fort Necessity, the Colonists within the fort were aiming too high and did not inflict casualties. The Virginians in the regiment broke into the storehouse and got drunk during the battle, so Washington was forced to surrender.

Britain Defeats an Old Enemy Washington and Braddock try and take Fort Duquesne again in 1755. As they launched attack, French and Natives begin firing from the woods. (New Warfare) Another loss showed British weakness. William Pitt turns the tide by invigorating the troops and gaining the alliance with the Iroquois. 1759, attack in Quebec. Caught the French general by surprise and took the city. Treaty of Paris ends the French and Indian War in 1763.

Victory and New Issues arise As the British began coming into the Territory, Natives were not pleased with the loss of territory. Chief Pontiac ended up capturing British forts in the Ohio Valley British officers respond with two blankets infected with smallpox Leads to the Proclamation Line of 1763, banning access to the newly attained Western Territory to protect the Colonists.

The Colonies and Britain grow apart Proclamation Line made it seem the British government did not care about the Colonists and their needs to expand. Writs of Assistance passed – allowing troops to search any vessel, home, or business. Britain also maintained a standing army in the Colonies Colonists thought they would turn against them, troops felt that they were protecting colonists. Sugar Act- First tax against Colonists to pay back debt on the French and Indian War.

Sugar Act Halved the duty on foreign- made molasses (lower tax) Strengthened smuggling laws by having royal “vice-admiralty” courts try cases. Duties were placed on imports