Ch 13: WWII Erupts 13.1: Dictators 13.2: War Erupts in Europe Terms-People: Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Franco, Chamberlain Terms-Gov’t: Fascism, Nazi, Totalitarian, Dictator Terms: inflation 13.2: War Erupts in Europe Terms-People: Churchill, De Gaulle, Tojo Terms-the Sides: Allies, Axis, Vichy France Terms: appeasement, blitzkrieg, Luftwaffe 13.3: U.S. Enters the War Terms- U.S. Policy: Neutrality Act, Quarantine Speech, Cash and Carry, Lend-Lease Act, Atlantic Charter 13.4: The U.S. Mobilizes Terms: Rosie the Riveter, Manhattan Project, atomic bomb, Oppenheimer

Ch 13: WWII Erupts Europe: After the First World War 13.1: Dictators Europe: After the First World War Italy Ignored Germany Hates the Versailles Treaty* Military Humiliated Hyper-Inflation Weak Government: Weimar Republic Totalitarian Leaders Arise Italy’s Mussolini & Fascism Germany’s Hitler & Nazism Soviet Union’s Stalin & Communism Totalitarians use Military Force Japan > Manchuria Italy > Ethiopia Spanish Civil War Hitler Conquers New Land Germany’s Rhineland Austria Czechoslovakia

Europe After the First World War Treaty of Versailles (France) WWI peace treaty

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Germany Hates the Versailles Treaty 1. Military Humiliated Blamed for World War I Forced to Give up their Military

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Germany Hates the Versailles Treaty Germany Lost its Colonies

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Germany Hates the Versailles Treaty Lost Territory Lost industries Germany

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Germany Hates the Versailles Treaty Forced to pay damages to France

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Leads to Hyper-inflation

Europe after the 1st World War Hyper-inflation Money is worth less = things cost more

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Hyper-inflation

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Hyper-inflation

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Hyper-inflation

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Germany’s new Government is called the Weimar Republic = Weak

Totalitarian Leaders start to arise Govt (one person) controls everything

You have all the cows in Afghanistan, which are two. Politics & Cows Totalitarianism: You have two cows. The government takes them and denies they ever existed. Milk is banned. Pure Democracy: You have two cows. Your neighbors decide who gets the milk. Pure Communism: You have two cows. Your neighbors help you take care of them, and you all share the milk. Pure Socialism: You have two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else's cows. You have to take care of all the cows. The government gives you as much milk as you need. Fascism: You have two cows. The government takes both, hires you to take care of them, and sells you the milk. Anarchy: You have two cows. Either you sell the milk at a fair price or your neighbors try to kill you and take the cows. TALIBAN CORPORATION You have all the cows in Afghanistan, which are two. You don't milk them because you cannot touch any creature's private parts. Then you kill them and claim a US bomb blew them up while they were in the hospital.

Politics & Cows FEUDALISM: You have two cows. Your lord takes some of the milk. BUREAUCRATIC SOCIALISM: You have two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else's cows. They are cared for by ex-chicken farmers. You have to take care of the chickens the government took from the chicken farmers. The government gives you as much milk and eggs the regulations say you should need. RUSSIAN COMMUNISM: You have two cows. You have to take care of them, but the government takes all the milk. CAMBODIAN COMMUNISM: You have two cows. The government takes both and shoots you. DICTATORSHIP: You have two cows. The government takes both and drafts you. REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY: You have two cows. Your neighbors pick someone to tell you who gets the milk. BUREAUCRACY: You have two cows. At first the government regulates what you can feed them and when you can milk them. Then it pays you not to milk them. Then it takes both, shoots one, milks the other and pours the milk down the drain. Then it requires you to fill out forms accounting for the missing cows.

Politics & Cows Socialism: You have two cows. The government takes one of your cows and gives it to your neighbor. You're both forced to join a cooperative where you have to teach your neighbor how to take care of his cow. Bureaucratic Socialism: You have two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else's cows. They are cared for by ex-chicken farmers. You have to take care of the chickens the government took from the chicken farmers. The government gives you as much milk and as many eggs as its regulations say you should need. Russian Communism: You have two cows. You have to take care of them, but the government takes all the milk. Communism: You have two cows. The government seizes both and provides you with milk. You wait in line for you share of the milk, but it's so long that the milk is sour by the time you get it. Dictatorship: You have two cows. The government takes both and shoots you. Militarism: You have two cows. The government takes both and drafts you. Representative Democracy: You have two cows. Your neighbors pick someone to tell you who gets the milk. American Democracy: The government promises to give you two cows if you vote for it. After the election, the president is impeached for speculating in cow futures. The press dubs the affair "Cowgate." The cows are set free.

Indian Democracy: You have two cows. You worship them. Politics & Cows Democracy, Democrat-style: You have two cows. Your neighbor has none. You feel guilty for being so successful. You vote politicians into office who tax your cows, which forces you to sell one to pay the tax. The politicians use the tax money to buy a cow for your neighbor. You feel good. Barbra Streisand sings for you. Democracy, Republican-style: You have two cows. Your neighbor has none. You move to a better neighborhood. Indian Democracy: You have two cows. You worship them. British Democracy: You have two cows. You feed them sheep brains and they go mad. The government gives you compensation for your diseased cows, compensation for your lost income, and a grant not to use your fields for anything else. And tells the public not to worry. Bureaucracy: You have two cows. At first the government regulates what you can feed them and when you can milk them. Then it pays you not to milk them. After that it takes both, shoots one, milks the other, and pours the milk down the drain. Then it requires you to fill out forms accounting for the missing cows. Capitalism: You have two cows. You lay one off, and force the other to produce the milk of four cows. You are surprised when she drops dead. Singaporean Democracy: You have two cows. The government fines you for keeping two unlicensed farm animals in an apartment.

Politics & Cows Hong Kong Capitalism (alias Enron Capitalism):       You have two cows.       You sell three of them to your publicly-listed company, using letters of credit opened by your brother-in-law at the bank, then execute an debt/equity swap with associated general offer so that you get all four cows back, with a tax deduction for keeping five cows. The milk rights of six cows are transferred via a Panamanian intermediary to a Cayman Isands company secretly owned by the majority shareholder, who sells the rights to all seven cows' milk back to the listed company.       The annual report says that the company owns eight cows, with an option on one more.       Meanwhile, you kill the two cows because the Feng Shui is bad. Environmentalism: You have two cows. The government bans you from milking or killing them. Totalitarianism: You have two cows. The government takes them and denies they ever existed. Milk is banned. Foreign Policy, American-Style: You have two cows. The government taxes them and uses the money to buy a cow for a poor farmer a country ruled by a dictator. The farmer has no hay to feed the cow and his religion forbids him from eating it. The cow dies. The man dies. The dictator confiscates the dead man's farm and sells it, using the money to purchase US military equipment. The President declares the program a success and announces closer ties with our new ally.

Politics & Cows Bureaucracy, American-Style: You have two cows but you have to kill one of them because the government will only give you a license for one of them. The license requires you to sell all your milk to the government, which uses it to make cheese. The government pays lots of money to store the cheese in refrigerated warehouses. When the cheese spoils, the government distributes it to the poor. The poor get sick from the cheese, go to the emergency room, and are turned away because they have no health insurance. The President declares the program a success and reminds us that we have the finest health care system in the world. American Corporation: You have two cows. You sell one to a subsidiary company and lease it back to yourself so you can declare it as a tax loss. Your bosses give you a huge bonus. You inject the cows with drugs and they produce four times the normal amount of milk. Your bosses give you a huge bonus. When the drugs cause one of the cows to drop dead you announce to the press that you have down-sized, reducing expenses by 50 percent. The company stock goes up and your bosses give you a huge bonus. You lay off all your workers and move your production facilities to Mexico. You get a huge bonus. You contribute some of your profit to the President's re-election campaign. The President announces tax cuts for corporations in order to stimulate the economy. Japanese Corporation: You have two cows. You redesign them so they are one-tenth the size of an ordinary cow and produce twenty times the milk. You teach the cows to travel on unbelievably crowded trains. Your cows always get higher test scores than cows in the U.S. or Europe, but they drink a lot of sake.

Politics & Cows German Corporation: You have two cows. You engineer them so they are all blond, drink lots of beer, give excellent milk, and run a hundred miles an hour. Unfortunately they also demand 13 weeks of vacation per year and are very expensive to repair. Russian Corporation: You have two cows. You have some vodka. You count your cows and discover you really have five cows! You have more vodka. You count them again and discover you have 42 cows! You stop counting cows and have some more vodka. The Russian Mafia arrives and takes over all your cows. You have more vodka. Italian Corporation: You have two cows but you can't find them. While searching for them you meet a beautiful woman, take her out to lunch and then make love to her. Life is good. French Corporation: You have two cows. You go on strike because you want another cow, more vacation and shorter work weeks. The French government announces that it will never agree to your demands. You go to lunch and eat fabulous food and drink wonderful wine. While you are at lunch, the airline pilots and flight controllers join your strike, shutting down all air traffic. The truckers block all the roads and the dock workers block all the ports. By dinner time the French government announces it agrees with all your demands. Life is good. Political Correctness: You are associated with (the concept of "ownership" is an outdated symbol of your decadent, warmongering, intolerant past) two differently-aged (but no less valuable to society) bovines of non-specified gender. They get married and adopt a calf. Counterculturalism: Wow, dude, there's like . . . these two cows, man. You have got to have some of this milk. Surrealism: You have two giraffes. The government requires you to take harmonica lessons.

Politics & Cows Counterculturalism: Wow, dude, there's like . . . these two cows, man. You have got to have some of this milk. Surrealism: You have two giraffes. The government requires you to take harmonica lessons.

Fascism Individuals exist for the state, no individual rights Totalitarian Fascism Individuals exist for the state, no individual rights

Totalitarian Fascism Latin = Bundle of Sticks Individuals exist for the state, no individual rights Latin = Bundle of Sticks

Europe after the 1st World War Treaty of Versailles Italy was on the Allied (winning) side But, Ignored Won No Money, No Land

Fascism Benito Mussolini Italy Started Fascism in 1922 Totalitarian Fascism Benito Mussolini Italy Started Fascism in 1922 1945

Nazism =national socialism A form of Fascism Totalitarian Nazism =national socialism A form of Fascism

Totalitarian Nazism Adolf Hitler Germany Great Speaker Killed 25 million (6 million Jews)

Communism No private property No classes = no poor & no rich Totalitarian Communism No private property No classes = no poor & no rich

Totalitarian Communism Joseph Stalin USSR (Soviet Union) Paranoid = evil Killed 26 million of his own people

Communism Stalinism – Communism enforced with Violence Totalitarian Communism Stalinism – Communism enforced with Violence

Totalitarians & Military Force Japan General Tojo takes over Japanese government The Emperor becomes a puppet leader

Totalitarians & Military Force 1931- Japan invades Manchuria, China (again)

Totalitarians & Military Force 1935-Italy invades Ethiopia

Totalitarians & Military Force The Spanish Civil War Nationalist vs Republicans (Spanish Republicans, not US Republicans) 200,000 killed during war

Totalitarians & Military Force The Spanish Civil War General Francisco Franco becomes Dictator of Spain

Totalitarians & Military Force The Spanish Civil War Hitler sent SS (Shock Troops) to Spain to help Germans used new military tactics (Blitzkreig) Practiced for war

Totalitarians & Military Force The Spanish Civil War Hitler sent SS (Shock Troops) to Spain to help Germans used new military tactics (Blitzkreig) Practiced for war

Hitler Conquers New Land Hitler promises a Greater Germany Wants to unite all the German speaking people of Europe

Hitler Conquers New Land Hitler rebuilds the German Military sends Military to Germany’s demilitarized Rhineland

Hitler Conquers New Land Hitler annexes Austria (tells Austria they are now part of Germany)

Hitler Conquers New Land Hitler invades Czechoslovakia Parts of it had Germans

Appeasement- making someone happy

Appeasement- making someone happy

Appeasement- making someone happy

Ch 13.1: Dictators 1. What was the Treaty of Versailles? 2. Why did Germany hate the Treaty of Versailles? 3. How did the Treaty of Versailles affect the economy of Germany? 4. What is Hyper-Inflation? 5. What was Germany’s new government after WWI? 6. How was Germany’s new government flawed? 7. Describe fascism. 8. What does fascism mean in Latin? 9. Who was the Italian dictator who created fascism? 10. What was Germany’s version of fascism? 11. Who was the leader of Nazi Germany? 12. What is communism? 13. Who was the leader of the USSR during WWII? 14. What type of communism did this dictator create? 15. Who is the traditional leader of Japan? 16. Who took over control of Japan during WWII? 17. What happened in Spain right before WWII? 18. Who became the dictator of Spain? 19. Why did Hitler invade the Rhineland, Austria, and Czechoslovakia? 20. What is appeasement?

Ch 13.1: Dictators 1. What was the Treaty of Versailles? WWI Peace Treaty by Allies & Germany 2. Why did Germany hate the Versailles Treaty? Forced to give up military, take blame, pay for war 3. How did the Treaty of Versailles affect the economy of Germany? Ruined it 4. What is Hyper-Inflation? Money becomes worthless 5. What was Germany’s new government after WWI? Weimar Republic 6. How was Germany’s new government flawed? Weak 7. Describe fascism. Everyone exists for the government and lose their rights 8. What does fascism mean in Latin? Bundle of Sticks 9. Who was the Italian dictator who created fascism? Benito Mussolini 10. What was Germany’s version of fascism? Nazism 11. Who was the leader of Nazi Germany? Adolf Hitler 12. What is communism? No rich or poor & government owns everything 13. Who was the leader of the USSR during WWII? Joseph Stalin 14. What type of communism did this dictator create? Stalinism 15. Who is the traditional leader of Japan? The Emperor 16. Who took over control of Japan during WWII? General Tojo 17. What happened in Spain right before WWII? Spanish Civil War 18. Who became the dictator of Spain? Francisco Franco 19. Why did Hitler invade the Rhineland, Austria, and Czechoslovakia? Create Greater Germany 20. What is appeasement? Making someone else happy by giving them what they want