Introduction to The Human Body Human Body Systems Introduction to The Human Body

Introduction Purpose of human body systems Maintain homeostasis Process of maintaining a specific, stable and constant environment Your body has very specific parameters that it maintains Do this by many different tasks Nutrient supply Waste removal Filtering Many more

Introduction Levels of organization in the human body Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organism

Organ Systems There are 12 organ systems in a human body Nervous Integumentary Respiratory Digestive Excretory Skeletal Muscular Circulatory Endocrine Reproductive Immune/Lymphatic- Sometimes considered two different systems

Levels of Organization Cell: Basic unit of BOTH structure and function Humans are collections of specialized cells that work together Specialized cells develop from a single zygote Differentiate into 200 different types

Levels of Organization Differentiation: the process by which committed cells acquire the structures and functions of highly specialized cells How? Specific genes in each cell are turned on and off

Tissue A group of cells put together to perform a specific function 4 types Epithelial- covers both interior and exterior parts of your body Connective tissue- provides support for the body and connects its parts Nervous- transmits nerve impulses throughout the body (for movement, and other controlled interactions) Muscle tissue- enables the body to move, along with other various functions

Organs A group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function Ex. Eye is made up of muscle, nerve, epithelial, and connective tissue They all combine to enable us to see

Organ Systems Is a group of organs that perform closely related functions. Ex. Brain is one part of the entire nervous system

Maintaining Homeostasis All of these work together to perform one main function Homeostasis Process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in the world around them. Ex. Thermostat in your house. All systems are REQUIRED in order to make homeostasis work correctly.

Our focus We will focus mainly on these systems Respiratory Circulatory Nervous Immune Digestive Muscle? Skeletal? Integumentary?

Now, onto Homeostasis Chart

Homeostasis Below Set Point Homeostasis Above Set Point

Homeostasis –Body Temperature Below Set Point Homestasis/ Set Point Above Set Point

Homeostasis – Respiration Rate Below Set Point Homeostasis/ Set Point Above Set Point

Homeostasis – Water Level Below Set Level Homeostasis/ Set Level Above Set Level

Homeostasis: Blood Glucose Below Set Point Homeostasis/ Set Point Above Set Point