REGIONAL GRIDS IN INDIA – QUICK FACTS SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID – AN OVERVIEW 400 MU CONS IN A DAY-1.5% IS 6 MU, 2190 MU IN A YEAR, 2/UNIT IS 4400 MILLION RUPEES IS 440 CRORE RUPEES ESC to EXIT

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REGIONAL GRIDS QUICK FACTS 400 MU CONS IN A DAY-1.5% IS 6 MU, 2190 MU IN A YEAR, 2/UNIT IS 4400 MILLION RUPEES IS 440 CRORE RUPEES

REGIONAL GRIDS INSTALLED CAPACITY TOTAL 120,934 MW NORTHERN :- 33,782 MW EASTERN :- 16,680 MW SOUTHERN :- 33,162 MW WESTERN :- 34,867 MW NORTH-EASTERN :- 2,443 MW TOTAL 120,934 MW NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION WESTERNREGION SOUTHERN REGION

SOUTHERN REGION WESTERNREGION EASTERN REGION NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION ‘ ELECTRICAL’ REGIONS 1 2 3 TALA PROJECT-LARGE CENTRAL GRID ARUNACHAL TO GUJARAT ON SAME FREQ SAME FREQUENCY FROM GUJARAT TO ARUNACHAL PRADESH WITH EFFECT FROM MARCH 2003 ABOUT 2800 KMS! APART

‘ELECTRICAL’ REGIONS NORTHERN REGION 1 NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION WESTERNREGION TALA PROJECT-LARGE CENTRAL GRID ARUNACHAL TO GUJARAT ON SAME FREQ 2 SOUTHERN REGION WITH THE COMMISSIONING OF THE TALA PROJECT CONNECTING THE EASTERN AND NORTHERN GRIDS, INDIA WILL HAVE ONLY TWO GRIDS

Growth of Installed Capacity for Electricity in India ALL FIGURES IN MW

Inter Regional Links Present IR Capacity = 9,500 MW 1650 MW 700 MW 2300 16,000 1200 MW 32,700 MW 1200MW Present IR Capacity = 9,500 MW 32,934 MW 2000MW

By 2006 Inter-regional capacity - 11,500MW

Inter-regional Links – By 2006 Sahupuri Dehri Salakati Birpara North-eastern Northern Allahabad Sasaram Malda Bongaigaon Gorakhpur Muzaffarpur Auraiya Kota Singrauli 2650 MW 1200 MW Eastern 900 MW Malanpur Ujjain Vindhyachal Korba Budhipadar Western Raipur Rourkela Kolhapur Chandrapur Jeypore Balimela Ponda 1650 MW Talcher 1400 MW 3150MW DETAILS Belgaum Nagjhari Ramagundam Gazuwaka Kolar Upper Sileru Southern

By 2007 Inter-regional capacity - 18,400MW

Inter-regional Links – By 2007 Sahupuri Dehri Salakati Birpara North-eastern Allahabad Sasaram Northern Gorakhpur Muzaffarpur Balia Patna Malda Bongaigaon Auraiya Balia Biharshariff Kota Agra Singrauli 6650 MW 1200 MW Eastern 2100 MW Ujjain Vindhyachal Korba Budhipadar Gwalior Malanpur Raipur Rourkela Western Ranchi Sipat Kolhapur Chandrapur Balimela Ponda 2850 MW Jeypore Talcher 1400 MW 3650MW DETAILS Belgaum Nagjhari Ramagundam Gazuwaka Kolar Upper Sileru Southern

INTER-REGIONAL TRANSFER BY END OF 11th PLAN (2012) SOUTHERN REGION WESTERNREGION NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION INTER-REGIONAL TRANSFER BY END OF 11th PLAN (2012) 4000 MW 11850 MW 1200 MW 6050 MW 5500 MW 1400 MW 6150 MW EASTERN REGION 36,700 MW OF INTER-REGIONAL POWER BY 2012

Source wise composition of installed capacity in India (1,20,934 in 2006) AS on 31-01-06

SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID OVERVIEW 400 MU CONS IN A DAY-1.5% IS 6 MU, 2190 MU IN A YEAR, 2/UNIT IS 4400 MILLION RUPEES IS 440 CRORE RUPEES

SOUTHERN REGION – GEOGRAPHY ANDHRA PRADESH TAMIL NADU KARNATAKA KERALA POPULATION :- 22.5 CRORES ( 22% OF INDIA) AREA :- 651 (‘000 SQ KM)(19% OF INDIA) INSTALLED CAPACITY:- 33,162 MW(27.4%) WEATHER :- South-west monsoon North-east monsoon SEA COAST :- AROUND 4000 KM TALA PROJECT-LARGE CENTRAL GRID ARUNACHAL TO GUJARAT ON SAME FREQ

SR STATES – POWER SYSTEM STATISTICS KARNATAKA INSTALLED CAPACITY – 6177 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 5612 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 123 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 90 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -26%, DOM-19%, COMM-7%, IRRI-39% & OTHERS-9% ANDHRA PRADESH INSTALLED CAPACITY – 8627 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 8241 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 167 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 142 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -27%, DOM-22%, COMM-5%, IRRI-39% & OTHERS-7% KERALA INSTALLED CAPACITY – 2280 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 2511 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 41 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 34 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -34%, DOM-44%, COMM-13%, IRRI-2%& OTHERS-7% TAMIL NADU INSTALLED CAPACITY – 6767 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 7719 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 160 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 131 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -39%, DOM-25%, COMM-7%, IRRI-24% & OTHERS-5% TALA PROJECT-LARGE CENTRAL GRID ARUNACHAL TO GUJARAT ON SAME FREQ

SR STATES – GEOGRAPHY ALL INDIA KARNATAKA ANDHRA PRADESH KERALA POPULATION :- 5.3 CRORES AREA :- 192 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 105 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 642 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- COFFEE & RAGI CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HOT AND HOT & HUMID ANDHRA PRADESH POPULATION :- 7.6 CRORES AREA :- 275 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 162 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 719 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- RICE CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HOT AND HOT & HUMID KERALA POPULATION :- 3.2 CRORES AREA :- 39 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 61 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 386 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- COCONUT & SPICES CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HUMID ALL INDIA TAMIL NADU POPULATION :- 6.2 CRORES AREA :- 130 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 152 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 866 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- SUGAR CANE & OIL SEEDS CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HOT AND HOT & HUMID TALA PROJECT-LARGE CENTRAL GRID ARUNACHAL TO GUJARAT ON SAME FREQ

GROWTH OF INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW Average Growth ~ 5 %

INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SR AGENCY HYDRO THERMAL GAS/DIESEL WIND/OTHERS NUCLEAR TOTAL ANDHRA PRADESH 3586 2963 272 2 --- 6823 KARNATAKA 3387 1470 128 5 4989 KERALA 1831 235 2068 TAMILNADU 213 2970 423 19 5550 PONDICHERRY 33 CENTRAL SECTOR 8090 360 830 9280 IPP 278 387 1781 1975 4421 11219 (34%) 15880 (48%) 3230 (10%) 2003 (6%) 830 (3%) 33162 (100%) The above capacity does not includes --- About 1344 MW of Wind Mill Capacity in Tamil Nadu. --- Micro and Captive plants in different states.

SOURCE-WISE INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR NUCLEAR IN MW WIND/OTHERS HYDRO GAS THERMAL 33,162 MW

MONSOONS SOUTH WEST MONSOON NORTH EAST MONSOON

TYPICAL LOAD CURVE OF SR SUMMER EVENING PEAK WINTER MONSOON WEATHER

TYPICAL ISSUES IN THE PAST 400 MU CONS IN A DAY-1.5% IS 6 MU, 2190 MU IN A YEAR, 2/UNIT IS 4400 MILLION RUPEES IS 440 CRORE RUPEES

GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST LOW / HIGH FREQUENCY PROBLEMS FREQUENCY EXCURSES TO LOW/HIGH VALUES LOW / HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATION CRITICALLY LOW VOLTAGES AT LOAD CENTRES SUBSTANTIALLY HIGH VOLTAGES AT FAR ENDS SYSTEM BROWNOUTS / BLACK OUTS SEPERATION OF SYSTEMS / LOSS OF LOAD ECONOMIC IN-STABILITY / INCREASED ELECTRICAL LOSSES UNRELIABLE / INEFFICIENT OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT ...THE END RESULT :

Additional Inter-Regional Links – By 2006 Name of the link Capacity(MW) East-North Muzaffarpur – Gorakhpur 400kV D/c (Quad) 2000 Sub-total Inter-regional capacity - Present 9500 GRAND TOTAL 11500 BACK

Additional Inter-regional Links – By 2007 Name of the link Capacity(MW) East-North Patna – Balia 400kV D/c (Quad) 2000 Biharshariff – Balia 400kV D/c (Quad) Sub-total 4000 East-West Ranchi- Sipat 400kV D/c with series compensation 1200 East-South Upgradation of Talcher-Kolar HVDC bipole 500 West-North Gwalior – Agra 765kV S/c (initially ch. at 400kV) Inter-regional capacity – By 2006 11500 GRAND TOTAL 18400 BACK