Blood Typing Health Occupations.

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Presentation transcript:

Blood Typing Health Occupations

Key Terms Antigens: foreign object, pathogen Antibodies: proteins secreted by lymphocytes Antibodies bond with antigens = lock and key phenomenon Antigen = lock antibody = key

Blood Type Inherited Each person inherits 2 genes. Dominant genes Are A and B Shown as “I” EX: Recessive genes O Shown as “i” Ex:

Punnett Square

4 Blood Types Blood type is determined by antigens on the surface of RBC A Only A antigens B Only B antigens AB Both A and B antigens O Neither A or B antigens

Your immune system has a tolerance against it own antigens. (you like your own antigens) EX: Antigen A type A blood. It will NOT form anti-A antibodies.

Blood Type Antigens on RBC’s Antibodies in Plasma A Anti - B B

Complete the table showing which blood can be safely transfused from the donor to recipient. Recipient D O N R Blood Type A B AB O +

Transfusions Need to mix serum of the patient with the blood cells of the donor. If Type A gets matched with Type B then antibodies will clump together If this test is not done hemolysis (rupture of blood cells) can occur

Blood Type O Blood Type AB Blood Universal donor Because it lacks A and B antigens Type AB Blood Universal recipients because they lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies. (they won’t attack new blood coming in)

Rh Factor Antigen Found in RBC Rh- : people who do not have antigens on RBC Rh+ : people who do have the antigen on RBC About 85% of Americans are Rh+ If RH + blood is given to Rh- then the body thinks it is an invading pathogen and starts to form antibodies for the lock and key

Rh Factor Health Concerns When an Rh- mother delivers an Rh+ baby, some of the baby’s blood may contact the blood of the mother The mother’s blood then forms antibodies against Rh+ RBC If the mother has another Rh+ pregnancy the antibodies will attack the baby’s blood causing erythroblastosis fetalis.