Mood Disorders Experience extreme or inappropriate emotion.

Major Depression Disorder Unhappy for more than 2 weeks in the absence of a clear reason. Common cold of all psychological disorders. Displays 5 symptoms on slide 5

Persistent Depressive Disorder (also called Dysthymia) Mildly depressed mood more often than not for at least two years Display two of the symptoms from slide 5 (SSRI’s)serotonin reuptake inhibitors – blocks the reuptake or breakdown of serotonin supply. (Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, Luvox)

CLASSICAL CONDITIONG Neutral Stimulus – stimulus that doesn’t elicit a response Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) – stimulus that naturally triggers a unconditioned response. Unconditioned response (UCR) – automatic/natural response (physiological/reflex) to the UCS UCS = UCR NS + UCS = UCR Conditioned Stimulus (CS) - an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with the UCS, comes to trigger a response. NS = CS Conditioned Response (CR) -the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus. CS = CR

IT’S

Some helpful Resources Abnormal Psych Resources Crash course videos – Abnormal Psychology #29 -33 Myers Module Videos 65 -67 DSM, Anxiety, and Schizophrenia AP Exam Review Sources Twitter: @Psych_Review App: iScore5 AP Psych 2016 $4.99

(lithium Carbonate) Treats bipolar disorder Formally manic depression. Involves periods of depression and manic episodes. Manic episodes involve feelings of high energy (but they tend to differ a lot…some get confident and some get irritable). Engage in risky behavior during the manic episode. Increase of norepinephrine during mania and decrease of serotonin during depressed state (lithium Carbonate) Treats bipolar disorder

Causes of Depression Biological Bases Cognitive Bases Neurotransmitter theories dopamine norepinephrine Serotonin Treat with SSRI’s (Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil) Physical exercise Genetic component more closely related people show similar histories of depression A.T. Beck: depressed people hold pessimistic views of themselves the world the future Depressed people distort their experiences in negative ways exaggerate bad experiences minimize good experiences Hopelessness theory depression results from a pattern of thinking person loses hope that life will get better negative experiences are due to stable, global reasons e.g., “I didn’t get the job because I’m stupid and inept” vs. “I didn’t get the job because the interview didn’t go well” neurotransmitters are associated wth motivation and arousal drugs that augment NE or Serotonin have been found effective in treating depression Prozac is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, making more Serotonin available

Understanding Depressive and Bipolar Disorders The Social-Cognitive Perspective: Depression’s Vicious Cycle