16.1-2 Microbial Ecology.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

University of Khartoum Institute of Environmental Sciences Dip/ M

Advertisements

Chapter 3.  The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

Learning outcomes Describe the cycle of carbon through the ecosystem Describe how humans have affected the carbon cycle.

The Biogeochemical Cycles. © 2003 John Wiley and Sons Publishers Idealized diagram of the geologic cycle, which includes the tectonic, hydrologic, rock.

Ecosystem Recycling. Essential Standard 2.1 Analyze the interdependence of living organisms within their environments Clarifying Objective Analyze.

Nitrogen Cycle. The nitrogen cycle represents one of the most important nutrient cycles found in terrestrial ecosystems (Figure 9s-1). Nitrogen is used.

Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen moves from the air to the soil, into living things, and back to the air.

Role of microorganisms in the cycling of elements

NITROGEN CYCLE Explains how NITROGEN moves through an ecosystem.

AGENDA May 12 Big Question: How does energy flow through an ecosystem?

Ecology REVIEW JEOPARDY #2 S2C06 Jeopardy Review.

1) What are biogeochemical cycles and examples of them on Earth? 2) Why are they important? 3) How do you interpret models of biogeochemical cycles?

Plant Nutrition Chapter 37. Uptake of nutrients happens in roots and leaves. Roots, through mycorrhizae and root hairs, absorb water and minerals from.

Life in the Soil Ch 5. Soil teems with life... 1 teaspoon of fertile soil could contain: 100 nematodes 250,000 algae 300,000 amoeba 450,000 fungi 11,700,000.

BIOSPHERE Chapter 3 VOCAB ONLY

Chapter 3: The Biosphere

Chapter 3 The Biosphere. 3-1 What Is Ecology? Interactions & Interdependence Ecology – study of interactions among organisms & between organisms and their.

Carbon & Nitrogen Cycles. Recycling Matter All things living are made of matter Total amount of matter on Earth is limited, so it must be recycled again.

ECOLOGY The SHORT version BioH Ch Energy Flow PRODUCERS  Autotrophs  Photosynthesis  Chemosynthesis Energy flows THROUGH an ecosystem 2.

LG 3 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems Food Web Categories Grazing Food Web - Detrital Food Web - Sunlight and Ecosystem Productivity Gross.

Ecosystems Section 3 Ecology 4.3 Notes. Ecosystems Section 3 Objectives Describe each of the biogeochemical cycles.

Chapter 27 Prokaryotes! Wow!. Some Interesting Info… *The biomass of all the prokaryotes of the world is 10 times that of eukaryotes! *The # of prokaryotes.

Cycles of Matter In an Hour or Less!!!!. Recycling in the Biosphere  Unlike the one-way flow of energy, matter is recycled within and between ecosystems.

Test Review Questions Questions from Review Game.

Biogeochemical Cycles. 24/103 required by organisms Macronutrients: C,H,N,O,P,S Micronutrients.

Circulation of Nutrients

 Although energy is essential for life, organisms need much more  Over 95% of most living organisms are made up of just 4 elements 1.Oxygen 2.Carbon.

A2 Biology NITROGEN CYCLE Unit 4

Organisms and Their Relationships Flow of Energy in.

Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ECOSYSTEMS: Cycles

The Biogeochemical Cycles

Chapter 2 – Principles of Ecology. 2.3 Cycling of Matter.

Ecosystem Ecology Chapter 3. Terms to remember… Ecosystem Biotic/abiotic Producer/autotroph Consumer/heterotroph Photosynthesis/cellular respiration Trophic.

Why are microbes important? Ecological Importance of Microbes (Applied and Environmental Microbiology Chapter 25)

Principles of Ecology. Learning Targets Describe the different niches organisms occupy in food chains and diagram a model of a food web that includes.

V.C.E. Biology Unit 2 Movement of energy and matter in ecosystems.

Advanced Biology. Ecology – the scientific discipline in which the relationships among living organisms and the interaction the organisms have with their.

2. Name two of the four biogeochemical cycles.

Cycling of Matter Chapter 2 Section 3.

Cycles of Matter. More Than Just Energy All living organisms need energy to survive, but they also need….. 1.Water 2.Minerals 3.And other life sustaining.

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles

The Nitrogen Cycle.

Ecology 4.3 Notes.

Cycles of the Earth & Biogeochemical Cycles Nitrogen Cycle

Metabolic Diversity Prokaryotes are divided into two main groups:

Lecture 10 Flow of Energy in an Ecosystem Ozgur Unal

Biogeochemical Cycles

Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism

Lecture 10 Flow of Energy in an Ecosystem Ozgur Unal

Environmental Microbiology

Microbes and The Environment

Nitrogen Cycle Notes.

Investigation 2 Claims:

Cycles All organisms need water, minerals, and other life-sustaining materials to survive. Ex. Hydrologic – necessary for all life Ex. Carbon – backbone.

Unit 2: Ecology 2.2 Cycles of Matter.

Biogeochemical Cycling and Introductory Microbial Ecology

Ecosystem Ecology Chapter 3.

Carbon & Nitrogen Cycles

Cycles of Matter Chapter 3 – 3.

The Nitrogen Cycle.

What is Ecology? The study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. Environmental conditions include: Biotic factors (living) Abiotic.

BIOCHEMICAL CYCLES REVIEW

Ecology Biosphere.

CHAPTER 3 NOTES ECOLOGY CYCLES IN NATURE

Cycles of Matter.

Presentation transcript:

16.1-2 Microbial Ecology

16.1 Microbes & Ecosystem Niches Microbes live in all parts of the biosphere 100,000,000 times more microbes than observable stars Microbes have a huge impact upon Ecology. No Microbes = No Life Photosynthesis, production, decomposition, fixation, bioremediation and biotechnology Each microbial species occupies a unique niche Chemoautotrophs, chemoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs and others. Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

16.1 Organization of Ecosystems Microbes are critical at all trophic levels as producers, consumers and decomposers. Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

16.1 Microbes in the Biogeochemical Cycles Microbes convert energy and matter from one form to another so that other organisms can get the energy and nutrients they need to survive. Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

Microbiology 13.1 Microbial Ecology

Microbiology 16.1 Microbial Ecology

16.2 Soil Composition The composition of the soil determines how much organic matter it can produce. Microbes make up about 1% of the soil. Microbes convert and release nutrients which can then be absorbed and used by other organisms. Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology

16.2 Physical Properties of Soil There are distinct layers or horizons: O horizon-topsoil A horizon-organic/inorganic mixture B horizon-subsoil C horizon-soil base Bedrock-below C horizon Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology

16.2 Mycorrhiza Symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of vascular plants. Release minerals from the soil so that they can then be absorbed by plants Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology

16.2 Wetland Soils Most biologically diverse. Anaerobic Processes Denitrification-Nitrogen Sulfate reduction- Hydrogen Sulfide Methanogenesis-Methane Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology

16.2 Endophytes & Plants Mutualistic microbe found in all plants. Protect from disease Produce chemicals that inhibit the growth of competitors Increase plant growth Help plants survive heat and drought Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology

16.2 Plant Pathogens Four Factors: Cell wall degrading enzymes Toxins Phytohormones Effector proteins Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology

16.2 Nitrogen Fixation 78% of atmosphere is Nitrogen (N2) but cannot be used by plants or animals. Nitrogen fixing bacteria in a symbiotic relationships in certain types of plant roots nodules (legumes) can convert N2 into compounds which the plants can use. Microbiology 16.2 Soil & Plant Microbiology