Tech Guide B: The Details of Software Introduction to Business Information Systems by Mark Huber, Craig Piercy, Patrick McKeown and James Norrie Tech Guide B: The Details of Software

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Review of Software _____________ includes all of the instructions given to the computer’s hardware There are two major categories of software: _____________ systems software _____________ software. All software has to be created by human programmers using a variety of _____________________ which the computer can implement. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Operating System Operating system software manages the many tasks going on ___________________ a computer. The operating system: manages all of the _____________ that flows from the user to the application software to the computer handles the ______________ of resources and the _______________ of tasks to various software programs enables the user to carry out needed tasks with __________________ software without worrying about the hardware interfaces. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Using Files Operating systems manage the storage and use of programs, data, and information on secondary storage Files are _____________ , data, or information to which the user or software assigns a name. Filenames: name.extension MyPaper.doc; Budget.xls; My contacts.mdb Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. OS Responsibilities The functions of the operating system are: _________________________ Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Managing Hardware The operating system acts as a go-between for the user, software and the hardware system. _____________ includes: _____________: operations like accepting data from keyboard _____________: sending information to the monitor screen and to a printer _____________ of data, instructions, and information between the CPU chip and internal memory and secondary storage _____________: hardware of multiple users _____________: controls the communications between devices on the network. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Controlling Access A _____________ or network operating system must provide security to everyone's data, information, and programs against __________________ intrusion. __________________ exist that require the user to enter a password to use a PC. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Providing an Interface The OS provides an interface to ______________ the commands from the user and send them to the CPU. _______________: requires the use of text commands at a prompt. Mainframe and server OS like Unix may still require command driven interface. _______________: uses graphic elements on a screen and a pointing device to allow the user to interact with the computer. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Efficient Use of CPU A key task of the operating system is to insure that the slow ______________ does not hold up the CPU. _____________: handles multiple programs or tasks at the same time. The jobs are placed in a queue (waiting line) to be executed according to their level of priority. PC network OS usually shift the processing burden from the _______________________ to local PCs. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Providing Services to Application Software Operating systems provide a number of services to application software including: ____________________________________ Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Application Software Application software is designed to help us accomplish work and tasks on the computer. Application software for business comes in two primary forms: ___________________________________: ready to install and use without further modification on the part of the user. _____________ _______: software which is developed by a company specifically for its own use. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Popular Types of COTS Software _________________________ Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Specialized Software Software that has been developed to handle ___________________________, be they financial, mathematical, engineering, or any number of other areas. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Developing Customized Software Companies usually buy commercially developed software for ____________ business tasks. However, to achieve a competitive advantage, a company must often _____________________ software The process of creating a computer program is called ____________________, which uses one of a variety of computer languages to communicate with the computer. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Commonly Used Languages Common Use Writing a wide variety of applications for PCs or network servers. Writing software for all types of computers; also, for writing browser and server-side Web software. Writing Web-based applications. Writing queries to relational database management systems. Writing software for PCs; also, for writing browser and server-side Web software (Microsoft’s competition of Java). Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Open-Source Software Open-source software: software for which the ________________________ is freely available to any one who wishes to download it over the Internet. The only requirement is that any change a programmer makes to the ____________________________ must also be made freely available to other persons. ____________________________: any software that requires a licence that must purchased by a company and the source code is not available to anyone outside of the company. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by Access Copyright (The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) is unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his or her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The author and the publisher assume no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein. Copyright 2008, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.