Western Civilization Greek Mythology A Brief Review.

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Western Civilization Greek Mythology A Brief Review.

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Presentation transcript:

Western Civilization Greek Mythology A Brief Review

Greek Mythology Greek myths were stories told orally as lessons in behavior Gods/Goddesses/Mythical Creatures had human traits, i.e. not perfect beings

Zeus Ruler of Mt. Olympus god of justice and law Main attributes: thunderbolt & eagle

Zeus (images)

Hera Queen of the Olympian deities goddess of marriage and birth Attributes: peacock & crow

Hera (images)

Poseidon god of the ocean Powers of earthquakes, water, and horses Attributes: trident rides a shell chariot pulled by horses

Poseidon (images)

Hades god of the dead Ruler of the Nether World Cerebus (three headed dog) guards the entrance

Hades (images)

Persephone goddess of the Underworld Attributes: pomegranate helps mother with the harvest three months of the year

Persephone (images)

Demeter goddess of the harvest & seasons changing

Demeter (images)

Athena goddess of wisdom, war, the arts, industry, justice and skill Attributes: owl, aegis, war helmet usually is accompanied by Nike (goddess of victory)

Athena (images)

Apollo god of music, prophecy, medicine & disease sometimes known as the Sun god Attributes: the bow and arrow, on his head a laurel crown. Most famous attribute is the tripod, the symbol of his prophetic powers

Apollo (images)

Artemis goddess of the wilderness, the hunt and wild animals twin of Apollo (sometimes known as the goddess of the moon) Attributes: bow and arrow & deer

Artemis (images)

Hermes Messenger of the gods Also known to be the god of shepherds, and traveling Attributes: winged shoes, sometimes winged hat, heralds staff

Hermes (images)

Eros god of Love Arrows came in two types: golden with dove feathers which aroused love, or leaden arrows which had owl feathers that caused indifference

Eros

Aphrodite goddess of love & beauty Attributes: the dolphin, the dove, the swan, the pomegranate and the lime tree.

Aphrodite (images)

Hephaestus god of fire, Hephaestus born weak & crippled especially the blacksmith's fire god of volcanoes Hephaestus born weak & crippled

Hephaestus (images)

Dionysus god of Wine also patron god of the Greek stage complete opposite of Athena (passionate, full of emotions & ecstatic)

Dionysus (images)

Other gods, goddesses, nymphs, heroes etc… Ares: god of War Hercules: Greek Hero 9 Muses: daughter of Zeus and Memory (nymph) ~ Clio (history) ~ Calliope (literature, art, or science) ~ Euterpe (lyric poetry) ~ Melpomene (tragedy) ~ Terpsichore (choral dance and song) ~ Erato (love of poetry) ~ Polyhymnia (sacred poetry) ~ Urania (astronomy) ~ Thalia (comedy)

Other lesser gods, goddesses, nymphs, Heroes etc… Three Graces: represent beauty, charm and joy. The Graces presided over banquets and gatherings primarily to entertain and delight the guests of the Gods. Three Fates: spin the thread of human destiny, cut the thread sending human souls to the underworld Three Furies: punished those who escaped or defied public justice Nemesis: avenging goddess, righteous anger of the gods particularly towards the proud and insolent Pan & the Satyrs: deities of the woods & fields (1/2 man 1/2 goat)