Ewa Wietsma - Wageningen University, NL How to link Central Asia’s higher education systems to European developments – continue story after 13 years Joint Conference EU – Central Asia: Erasmus Mundus Partnerships impact on Central Asia, 14 -18 May 2017, Almaty, Kazakhstan Ewa Wietsma - Wageningen University, NL Marina Alexeyeva – Kazakh National Agrarian University, KZ

13 years ago 22-23 November 2004, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Tempus Regional Conference on `Higher Education in Central Asia: ongoing reforms and future perspectives’, Presentation on `How to link Central Asia’s higher education systems to European developments.’

13 years ago - conclusions What should be done? Be an engineer and survey to the same level both parties before building a new bridge been Europe and Central Asia. How to do it? Be an ancient wise man and move the goods and information along the bridge rather than people.   Why we should do it? Be a realist and do not deny the current development of economy in Europe and USA shifting to service industries and offshore outsourcing

Bridge of Isfayram river in Alay-Ridge-Tien Shan Southern-Kyrgyzstan

Building bridges from 2010

European Constitution 8/11/2004 Treaty of Lisbon in 2007 REGULATIONS. These are laws that apply to everyone including all member states. Regulations become part of national law and are enforceable in national courts immediately once they come into force. They do not need to be brought in by any national legislation. DIRECTIVES. A Directive is a form of order to member states to implement national legislation to achieve a specific result. It is up to the national governments to decide on the form and method of the legislation necessary to achieve that result. Usually, a Directive will specify a deadline for the implementation of legislation. DECISIONS. A decision is addressed to a limited and defined group of persons, e.g., one member state or a corporation. They are binding upon those to whom they are addressed. RECOMMENDATIONS AND OPINIONS. These are not binding - they are simply recommendations

Not everybody knows that: EU countries are responsible for their own education and training systems, but the EU helps them set joint goals and share good practices https://europa.eu/european-union/topics/education- training-youth_en

WHY ? Higher Education is connected to Economic development of each country

Netherlands <-> Kazakhstan 7 persons per sq.km 3 x more (kept animals) that people per 2 sq km in Kazakhstan 503 persons per sq.km 9x more (kept animals) then people per 2 sq km in the Netherlands

Recognition of study results What to do taking into account: Different education systems in EU and outside EU Different content of programs connected to national needs and demands from society Different languages in EU Different national economics

Recognition of study results What to do knowing that through international academic mobility to Europe grantees learn about: New teaching methods (work group, EU Workshops, simulation work) New laboratory techniques Innovative solutions Intercultural communication etc. etc.

Solution Ask student what s/he wants Inform students what is possible Involve students in the process or recognition as equal party Include more student mobility from EU Before mobility Student is client of HEI

Solution Grant freedom to Partner HEI Respect other education systems outside Europe Learn from others

Build bridge between different elevations

Build bridge between different elevations