(SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISTION) Project Title WIRELESS SCADA (SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISTION) Under the Guidance of Submitted by

ABSTRACT This is a temperature logging System Here 8 temperature sensors in multiplexing mode are fed to the MC through ADC 0808. Then the values of all the sensors are sent serially by MC through Max 32 IC to the Computer. Software “DAQ System” loaded on the Computer takes these values and shows them on its front panel, and also logs them to the data base "daq.mdb". One can set by interactive way some parameters like set point, low limit, and high limit on the computer screen. When temperature of some sensors increases beyond set point, the MC sends commands to relay driver IC ULN2003. The heaters (lamps in the test board) connected through relay contacts are (specific for that sensor) turned OFF (or ON in opposite case).. When temperature goes above high limit or below low limit the alarm will be turned on.

BLOCK DIAGRAM TRANSMITTER SECTION

BLOCK DIAGRAM RECEIVER SECTION

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS POWER SUPPLY MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52/AT89C51) ADC0808 RELAYS LM35 TEMPERATURE SENSOR ULN2003 LED IN4007 2.4 Ghz RF TRANSCIVER MODULE USB 2.4 Ghz RF TRANSCIVER MODULE

It is a smaller computer Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports... MICROCONTROLLER It is a smaller computer Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports... RAM ROM I/O Port Timer Serial COM Port Microcontroller CPU A single chip

INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF A MICRO CONTROLLER-AT89S52/51 CPU On-chip RAM On-chip ROM for program code 4 I/O Ports Timer 0 Serial Port OSC Interrupt Control External interrupts Timer 1 Timer/Counter Bus Control TxD RxD P0 P1 P2 P3 Address/Data Counter Inputs

Features of AT89S51/52 Compatible with MCS®-51 Products 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines Three 16-bit Timer/Counters Eight Interrupt Sources Full Duplex UART Serial Channel Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode Watchdog Timer Dual Data Pointer

Pin Description

RF TRANSCIEVER 2.4GHZ MODULE 2.4 Ghz module is a very precise ,accurate and high speed data transfer can be achieved. It supports the baud rates 9600,19200,..etc It is a transceiver module through which data can be transmitted and received simultaneously.

….CONTD It should be connected to any TTL/CMOS logic serial RXD and TXD lines and can support Baud-rate of 9600bps, 19200bps, 38400bps and 57600bps. It also supports 4 unique RF Channel selections to reduce congestions on the same channel during peer-to-peer communication.

Image of 2.4 ghz module/xbee GND vcc TX RX

Features…… No configuration needed for out-of-the-box RF communications Standard Serial Communication Socket for easy integration Fast 250 kbps RF air-data rate to the end node 2.4 GHz for worldwide deployment Baud-rate selection and channel frequency selection Up to 100meters outdoor open air node-to-node range

Applications Wireless telemetry for transmitting sensor data Remote control applications with fast response requirements Wireless Home Networking applications Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint network topologies Wireless mouse, wireless keyboard and other wireless user interface devices Wireless data logging applications Audience response systems UAV communication and control Swarm Robotics Wireless Audio transmission applications

Pin-out Info…… Pin 1- Ground Pin 2- VCC (4.25V to 12.0V regulated power) Pin 3- Transmit Serial Data Output from Module (3.3V TTL) Pin 4- Receive Serial Data Input from External Device (3.3V to 5V TTL)

ADC 0808 Key Specifications Resolution 8 Bits The ADC0808, data acquisition component is a monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit analog-to-digital converter, 8-channel multiplexer and microprocessor/microcontroller compatible control logic. The 8-bit A/D converter uses successive approximation as the conversion technique Key Specifications Resolution 8 Bits Total Unadjusted Error ±1⁄2 LSB and ±1 LSB Single Supply 5 VDC Low Power 15 mW Conversion Time 100 μs

TEMPERATURE SENSOR(LM35) Features The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±1⁄4˚C    at room temperature and ±3⁄4˚C over a full −55 to +150˚C temperature range.

RELAY DRIVER (ULN 2003) ULN2003 is a high voltage and high current Darlington transistor array It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that feature high-voltage outputs with common-cathode Clamp diode for switching inductive loads. The ULN2003 has a 2.7kW series base resistor for each Darlington pair for operation directly with TTL or 5V CMOS devices. Current, Output Max:500mA Voltage, Input Max:5V Voltage, Output Max:50V

Fig: ULN 2003

RELAY IT IS A ELECTRO MAGNETIC SWITCH USED TO CONTROL THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES COPPER CORE MAGNETIC FLUX PLAYS MAIN ROLE HERE

The relay's switch connections are usually labeled COM, NC and NO: COM = Common, always connect to this; it is the moving part of the itch. NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is off. NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is on

Working of project The idea of this project is to retrieve the real time data from the high temperature furnaces on computer. Four heat Sensor’s i.e., LM35 are used to sense the heat and an IC ADC0808 is used to convert the data into digital. LM35 digital sensor has got 3 pin’s i.e., VCC, GND and output pin’s when LM35 is heated the voltage at output pin increases, it is connected to the analog to digital convertor IC (ADC). Software is used for keeping the real time records of heat sensors in computer. This software has a provision for eight sensors but only four have been used here.

Soft ware Requirements Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, macro assemblers, real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments, evaluation boards, and emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3, XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families. Compilers are programs used to convert a High Level Language to object code. Desktop compilers produce an output object code for the underlying microprocessor, but not for other microprocessors.

i.e the programs written in one of the HLL like ‘C’ will compile the code to run on the system for a particular processor like x86 (underlying microprocessor in the computer). For example compilers for Dos platform is different from the Compilers for Unix platform  So if one wants to define a compiler then compiler is a program that translates source code into object code.

BIBILOGRAPHY “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems” by Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education. ATMEL 89S52 Data Sheets. www.atmel.com www.beyondlogic.org www.wikipedia.org www.howstuffworks.com www.alldatasheets.com

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