T2T1 METALS AND NON-METALS Natural Science Gr5. 2015

KEY WORDS Malleable: Hammered: Ductile: When something is able to bend, without breaking for example a piece of wire (when it can be hammered). Hammered: When you hit something with a hammer or heavy, flat object. (for example aluminium foil) Ductile: When something can be drawn into thin wires after it has been heated, for example copper wires.

Can you think of an example of a mould? Alloy: A metal that consists of two or more metals. Ore: Rocks that contain metal. Can you think of an example of a mould? Gold ore Mould: Hollow container into which you pour a hot liquid to cool and set.

Soot: Black powder that forms when coal does not burn properly. Dull: When something is not shiny. Brittle: Something that is hard but can easily break into small pieces.

______ Class activity You have 5 minutes to study your T2T1 key words (from malleable). Without paging back in your book, give the definitions for the following words. Ductile Malleable Hammered Mould Ore Brittle

Class activity memo 1. Ductile When something can be drawn into thin wires after it has been heated, for example copper wires. 2. Malleable When something is able to bend, without breaking for example a piece of wire (when it can be hammered). 3. Hammered When you hit something with a hammer or heavy, flat object.

Give yourself a mark out of 6. 4. Mould Hollow container into which you pour a hot liquid to cool and set. 5. Ore Rocks that contain metal. 6. Brittle Something that is hard but can easily break into small pieces. Give yourself a mark out of 6.

Metals Properties of metals They are: Shiny Hard Strong Malleable Ductile Able to conduct electricity. They melt at high temperatures.

1. Shiny

2. Hard

3. Strong

4. Malleable

5. Ductile

6. Able to conduct electricity

7. They melt at high temperatures.

______ Class activity List the 7 properties of metals: Pens down!! (you have 5 min) Shiny Hard Strong Malleable Ductile Able to conduct electricity. They melt at high temperatures. Pens down!! Pencil in hand. Write the correct answer into your book. Give yourself a mark out of 7.

Example of metals 1. Iron Dark grey. Cheap and strong. Can be used to make furniture, nails, pots, etc. It rusts when it comes into contact with water.

2. Copper Reddish colour. Used to make pipes or copper wire in electrical cables.

How its made: Aluminium foil It is a very light metal. Silver or grey. It is very malleable and ductile. It does not rust. It can be recycled. Used for window frames, fizzy drink cans, foil. How its made: Aluminium foil

4. Gold Bright yellow colour. It is shiny. It is malleable and ductile. Used to make jewellery and coins. Melting gold into bars.

5. Silver It is a very shiny metal. Used to make jewellery, coins, eating utensils, and mirrors.

6. Lead It is a soft metal that is very malleable. It is a dull greyish colour. It is toxic. It is used for weights for fishing and for scuba diving.

7. Mercury It is a silver metal. It has a very low melting point. It is the only metal that is liquid at normal temperatures (room temperature). If you cool it down and keep it very cold, it becomes hard and strong like other metals.

Where do metals come from? We can buy metals from: hardware stores (nails, copper wires) supermarkets (cans, foil) jewellery shops (rings, bracelets) But all these metals had to be mined from rocks on and under the earth’s surface.

Rocks containing metals are called ore. After the ore has been mined, it is crushed into small pieces. It is then heated and treated with chemicals to get the metal out. The metal is then melted and poured into moulds.

Recycling metals causes less damage to the environment than mining. It is therefore important to recycle cooldrink and aerosol cans.

Activity 1 Class work Activity 1 (T2T1) If you do not finish in this period, it becomes homework.

Act 1 MEMO 1 . Match the metals with the figure. A: Copper B: Silver C: Iron D: Gold 2 . What does malleable mean? When something is able to bend, without breaking for example a piece of wire (when it can be hammered). 3 . What does ductile mean? When something can be drawn into thin wires after it has been heated, for example copper wires.

Act 1 MEMO 4 . Why is iron used for things such as houses and beams? It is cheap and very strong. 5 . Which metal has a reddish colour? Copper. 6 . What metal are fizzy drink cans made out of? Aluminium 7 . Which metal is used to make mirrors? Silver

Give yourself a mark out of 13. Act 1 MEMO 8 . Which metal is toxic? Lead. 9 . Why are metals attractive to look at? Because they are shiny. 10 . Metals can be made into different shapes. Which properties of metals make this possible? Metals melt when heated and can therefore be poured into moulds with different shapes. Give yourself a mark out of 13.

Non-metals _____ Properties of non-metals Everything on earth is made up of metals and non-metals. There are more metals than non-metals on earth. Only ten non-metals are solids at normal room temperature.

The solid non-metals are: Dull (not shiny like metals) Brittle (They are hard but can easily break into small pieces)

Examples of non-metals: 1. Carbon It is found in three different-looking forms. They don’t look the same because they are formed in different ways. The three forms of carbon are: Coal (or charcoal or soot) Graphite (Found in pencils. Different grades of pencil are made by mixing pure graphite with different amounts of clay) Diamond (They sparkle because they have been cut to reflect any light that falls on them.)

COAL

GRAPHITE

How it’s made: Diamond cutting DIAMONDS How it’s made: Diamond cutting

2. Sand and Glass Sand consists mainly of little pieces of rock called quarts. Glass is made by heating pure sand to a very high temperature. Sand, quarts and glass contain two non-metals namely oxygen and silicon.

SAND AND GLASS Production of glass bottles. How it’s made: Glass marbles.

3. Chalk Used to write on black boards. Soft, white powder that is mixed with water to form a clay-like substance that is moulded into a shape. It is made from limestone. Limestone is a type of rock.

CHALK

HOMEWORK NS: MIND MAP T2T1