Honors Do Now: (10 mins. Max) Re-form your groups from yesterday. Send one member to acquire your story. Read it, discuss it, and create your memo: Title of Incident Image Summary of Incident (including broken LS rules)

Do Now (with a Partner): Label as many pieces of equipment as possible:

Round 2: I’ll point, first to give the answer wins:

Stop n’ Jot: “You just go home from school and you want to watch TV.  You pick up the remote and point it at the TV but nothing happens. What do you do?”

Share with your group: What did each of you try? Could each of your strategies have been successful? Why? What if your solutions did not work? What could you try next? In science we call this process…

The Scientific Method The scientific method is a systematic approach to problem solving that involves observation and experimentation.

THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Identify a problem State a hypothesis Test the hypothesis (experiment) Form a conclusion Publish results Let’s look at these steps in more detail…

1. Identify a Problem When a scientist observes a phenomenon, it may occur to them to ask questions… Why? How? What? When these questions are asked, a scientist has identified a problem that can be solved using the scientific method.

1. Identify a Problem Once a problem is identified, a scientist must then do research and gather information to find out what is already known about the problem.

2. State a hypothesis A hypothesis is a possible solution of a scientific problem. A hypothesis should not be a “wild guess”. A hypothesis should be based on careful research into what is already known about the problem.

3. Test the hypothesis How does a scientist test a hypothesis? A scientist can test a hypothesis by designing an experiment. An experiment is a procedure to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions. In order to have a controlled experiment, it’s important to focus on only one variable.

3. Test the hypothesis Independent variable: the factor that is tested in the experiment. Dependent variable: a factor that results from, or depends on changes to, the independent variable. All other factors must remain constant… A constant is a factor that does not change in the experiment.

3. Test the hypothesis Control group: the group used for comparison, it does not contain the independent variable. Experimental group: the group that is tested. It contains the independent variable and is compared to the control group.

3. Test the hypothesis It is also important to keep a record of everything that is done during an experiment so that the experiment can be repeated by other scientists.

4. Form a conclusion When the experiment is concluded, scientists must organize the data they have collected.

4. Form a conclusion When the experiment is concluded, scientists must organize the data they have collected. One way of doing this is to make charts or graphs of the data.

4. Form a conclusion Once the data is organized, a scientist can then analyze the data to try and understand what it means.

4. Form a conclusion They can then come to a conclusion and decide if their hypothesis was correct or incorrect.

4. Form a conclusion In light of their conclusions, scientists may revise their hypothesis. They may then design another experiment to test their new hypothesis.

5. Publish results Scientists must publish results so that their work can be shared with other scientists. This can be in the form of a lab report, a scientific paper, or even a book. When other scientists read about the experiment, they can repeat the steps to verify the first scientist’s conclusions.

5. Publish results This verification process is called peer review. Peer review: a formal process where the results and methods of a scientist’s research are examined by other scientists in the same field.

The Scientific Method 1. Identify a problem (make observations, ask questions, gather information, do research) 2. State a hypothesis (based on research) 3. Test the hypothesis (design and conduct an experiment, make observations, document procedure) 4. Form a conclusion (organize data, analyze data, figure out the meaning of the data) 5. Publish results (write a lab report, share information with other scientists, repeat experiment)

Scientific Method Keep in mind though that generally hypotheses and even theories are based on an incomplete set of experiments, so that later experiments or advances may provide further information that shows the theory or hypothesis to be incorrect.

Let’s play Kahoot! Review of Lab Safety!

Tomorrow: Lab Safety Quiz—review material can be found at: arcchemistry.weebly.com

Docs for Friday Al foil: http://www.scholarchemistry.com/msds/Aluminum_foil_27.10.pdf H2O: http://www.flinnsci.com/Documents/MSDS/WXYZ/Water.pdf