The feasibility of nipple aspiration and duct lavage to evaluate the breast duct epithelium of women with increased breast cancer risk Dominique Twelves, Ashutosh Nerurkar, Peter Osin, Ann Ward, Clare M. Isacke, Gerald P.H. Gui European Journal of Cancer Volume 49, Issue 1, Pages 65-71 (January 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.07.012 Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Duct lavage (DL) procedure. Image sequence shows (A) identification of nipple orifice for, (B) insertion of cannula and, (C) saline lavage inflow and aspiration of outflow into syringe. European Journal of Cancer 2013 49, 65-71DOI: (10.1016/j.ejca.2012.07.012) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 Flowchart of patient recruitment, characteristics of the test cohort and completed visits. European Journal of Cancer 2013 49, 65-71DOI: (10.1016/j.ejca.2012.07.012) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions
Fig. 3 Duct lavage (DL) cytology micrographs. Micrographs show samples of duct epithelial cells graded (A) C2 – benign epithelium, (B) C3 – atypical papillary cluster and (C) C4 – marked atypia. Magnification 40×. European Journal of Cancer 2013 49, 65-71DOI: (10.1016/j.ejca.2012.07.012) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions