Turkish Morphology Nur Izzati Bt. Hamdan 1416622

What is morphology? The term morphology is Greek and is a makeup of morph (shape, form) and -ology (the study of something). In linguistics, it is the scientific study (identification, analysis, and description) of forms and structure of words in a language.

The Turkish Language Turkish also referred to as Istanbul Turkish, is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 10–15 million native speakers in South Eastern Europe and 55–60 million native speakers in Western Asia. Speakers are located predominantly in Turkey, with smaller groups in Germany, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Northern Cyprus, Greece and other parts of Europe and Central Asia.

Methods to get new words Extension of word formation rules Functional shift (Conversion) Proper names Coining Onomatopoeia Borrowing Derivation Compounding Reduplication Blending Clipping Acronyms Back formation

Reduplication (Full or partial repetition of a morpheme) In Turkish, a word can be reduplicated while replacing the initial consonants. The effect is that the meaning of the original word is broadened. Some of these words are not true words alone. Turkish words Meaning Abur cubur Junk food, Snacks Hüngür hüngür Crying one's eyes out Akça pakça Pretty girl (pale complexion) Burcu burcu Fragant smelling

Onomatopoeia (Words imitate sounds in nature) Onomatopoeia is creating a sound effect that mimics the thing it described, making the description more expressive and interesting. Sounds in English Sounds in Turkish Meaning Chukie-chukie Bili-bili A call for chickens Tsk-tsk Pisi-pisi Used in calling cats Ding-dong Cangil-cungul Sounds when pressing a doorbell Knock-knock Tak-tak Sounds when knocking on a door

CLIPPING (PART OF THE WORD HAS BEEN CLIPPED OFF) Clipping is the word formation process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of the word BEFORE AFTER Translation Telegraph cekmek Tel cekmek Telegraph to attract Otomobil Oto Car Gecekondu Kondu Slum

Borrowing (The taking over of words from other languages) Morphological borrowing is the transfer of grammatical morphemes (inflection, derivation, and function words) from one language to another through language contact. ENGLISH TURKISH Natural gas Dogalgaz Remote control Uzaktan kumanda Screen saver Ekran koruyucu Girlfriend Kiz arkadas

THE END!