Chapter 16 Waves motion.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 16 Waves motion

What is a wave? A wave is defined as a Propagation of a disturbance through a medium Wave flees the place of its creation, while water [particle] does not. A wave is a means of transferring energy from one place to another. Waves are closely related to oscillations.

Can you think of some examples of waves?

Waves Sound Light Water Radio Seismic.

TYPES OF WAVES Waves are classified into different types according to their natures :

Wave Types Mechanical Electromagnetic e.g. Water waves, waves on a rope, sound e.g. Radio, X-Rays, Light Must have a substance to travel through Cannot travel in a vacuum Does not need a substance to travel through but can travel through various substances Can travel in a vacuum Vibrations passed on from molecule to molecule Travel at very fast speed in a vacuum: 3 × 108 m/s

Traveling waves Transverse waves: Transverse waves: The particles of the disturbed medium move perpendicular to the wave motion. particle wave

Traveling waves Longitudinal waves: Longitudinal waves: The particles of the disturbed medium move parallel to the wave motion Longitudinal waves:

Traveling waves Waves are closely related to oscillations We’ll mainly deal with sinusoidal waves.

Basic Variables of Wave Motion Terminology to describe waves Crest: “Highest point” of a wave. Trough: “lowest point” of a wave. Wavelength l: Distance from one crest to the next crest. Wavelength l: Distance between two identical points on a wave. Period T: Time between the arrival of two adjacent waves. Frequency f: 1/T, number of crest that pass a given point per unit time Amplitude A: the maximum position of a particle

Sinusoidal waves Brown curve: Snap shot at time t = 0 Blue curve: Snap shot at later time.

Sinusoidal waves The function describing a traveling sinusoidal wave:

Traveling sinusoidal wave Black board example 17.1 Traveling sinusoidal wave A sinusoidal wave traveling in the positive x-direction has an amplitude of 15.0 cm, a wavelength of 40.0 cm, and a frequency of 8.00 Hz. Find the wave number k, the period T, the angular frequency w and propagation speed v of the wave. If the vertical displacement of the medium at t = 0 and x = 0 is also 15.0 cm, what is the phase constant F? Write a general expression for the wave function.