N3 Partner Technical Meeting, March 28-29 A LANDSCAPE APPROACH TO RAINWATER MANAGEMENT IN ETHIOPIA: Targeting and Scaling out Lisa-Maria Rebelo IWMI Addis Ababa N3 Partner Technical Meeting, March 28-29

Background assessment of the Nile basin CPWF Phase 1 - Nile BFP Project Objective: To identify high potential water management interventions to reduce poverty and increase water productivity There are numerous opportunities to manage water better for agriculture in order to improve productivity, food security and livelihoods While most of the focus has been on river water, we start with rainfall to look for opportunities outside of the river Significant gains can be made through improving rainfed production systems through better agricultural water management Access to water is related to poverty, not availability – need to differentiate between access and availability In upstream basin countries water access is limited, and water productivity low – key to poverty reduction.

Background assessment of the Nile basin: Water consumption: Rain = 1745 km3 Rainfed ET – 190 km3 Irrigated ET – 67 km3 Outflow – 10 to 30 km3 Limited options to expand irrigation, ample options to upgrade agriculture on rainfed lands

Background assessment of the Nile basin: RWM Intervention Analysis: What are the existing water related interventions in the basin under various production systems? Which interventions have succeeded and which ones failed? Which future interventions are needed to have a high impact on poverty, water availability, access and productivity for various target groups? Production/farming system: Crop/Livestock/Rainfed Biophysical: Infrastructural Water and land based (eg watershed management) Socio-economic: Ag trade, virtual water Hydropower-generation, power trade, interconnection Industrial – value addition Institutions and policies: Institutional innovations, basin, sub-basin institutions Benefit/water-sharing

Required: Identification + disseminate of site specific technologies Extreme biophysical variations Elevation, soil, climate Population pressure and land degradation Shortage of land Encroachment to marginal lands Exacerbating deforestation and erosion Reduced land and water productivity Poor infrastructural development Limited use of modern technologies Lack of site specific technologies Lack of integrated approach Increased poverty, food insecurity, vulnerability to climate change Major challenges to agriculture Required: Identification + disseminate of site specific technologies Pre-requisite: identify “Homogeneous Units”

CPWF Phase 2: The Nile Basin Development Challenge N3: A landscape approach to rainwater management in Ethiopia - Targeting and Scaling out Matching technologies (or whole strategies) to environments Suitability of technologies may be influenced by many different factors “Blanket” RMS are often inappropriate

CPWF Phase 2: The Nile Basin Development Challenge N3 aims to identify the conditions – biophysical/socioeconomic/institutional – that favour the use of particular sets of practices, then scan the landscape to find out where else these conditions prevail (the “conditionality of recommendations”) improve the targeting of interventions and enable successful scaling up

CPWF Phase 2: The Nile Basin Development Challenge Matching interventions to environments Baseline assessments of biophysical environment Identification of RWM interventions and location Matching of RWM systems to conditions on the ground Linking of interventions to extrapolation domains Assessment of potential biophysical and socioeconomic impacts Identification of interventions that i) currently exist in the basin ii) are available elsewhere Targeting tool

Thank you! CPWF Phase 2: The Nile Basin Development Challenge N3: A landscape approach to rainwater management in Ethiopia - Targeting and Scaling out Thank you!