ROCK - A NATURALLY FORMED COLLECTION OF DIFFERENT MINERALS MINERAL

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Presentation transcript:

ROCK - A NATURALLY FORMED COLLECTION OF DIFFERENT MINERALS MINERAL - A NATURALLY OCCURING CHEMICAL COMPOUND FOUND IN THE EARTHS CRUST WHICH CONTAINS DIFFERENT ELEMENTS ORE - ROCKS CONTAINING MINERALS

Mining Methods

Which Method? The method of mining chosen depends on the following: The type of mineral The geology of the area The cost and how much the mineral is worth

Surface mining Ore body is near surface – cheapest option = dig it out. Drilling and blasting rock away creates a large pit of open cut mine. Useful for ores spread over a large area and are most suitable for low grade ores.

Underground mining Used when the ore is deep, fairly concentrated and confined to a small space. Shafts are created to reach the ore and it is then removed.

Dredging Removes minerals from sand. A large pit is dug and filled with water. The minerals are heavier than sand and so are easily separated from it when in water.

Leach Mining Some materials can be mined by dissolving them in a fluid that is injected into the ore body. A leach fluid is pumped into the ore and then the dissolved ore in the solution is pumped back to the surface.

Petroleum Wells Narrow holes are drilled into layers of sedimentary rock until they reach the oil or gas. Piping is inserted into the well and then the petroleum is pumped to the surface.