Major stages in making chemicals

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Presentation transcript:

Major stages in making chemicals A need for a chemical is identified. A “pilot plant” is set up to find out the requirements for production. Costs are considered and balanced with potential profit. A proper chemical plant is built costing millions of pounds but creating a lot of jobs.

What can we make from acids and alkalis ? Starter: sketch a pH scale and add on any information you know. Weak and strong acids Weak and strong alkalis Neutral Colour of universal indicator Numbers

recall the characteristic reactions of acids write word and symbol equations for the reactions of acids H: write balanced symbol equations for the reactions of acids

What do you know about acids?

Acid Types Organic Mineral Citric acid (solid) Tartaric acid (solid) Ethanoic acid (liquid, vinegar) Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride gas dissolved in water)

Alkalis – what do you know ? Potassium hydroxide (KOH) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Calcium Hydroxide (CaOH)

Task Complete the practical investigation.

Metals + acids Metal + acid  salt + hydrogen Acid Salt Magnesium + hydrochloric acid  magnesium chloride +hydrogen Acid Salt Hydrochloric acid Metal chloride Nitric acid Metal nitrate Sulfuric acid Metal sulfate

Finish the equations in section 1

Acids and metal carbonates Acid + metal carbonate  salt + carbon dioxide + water Hydrochloric acid Calcium carbonate Calcium chloride Carbon dioxide Water Acid Salt Hydrochloric acid Metal chloride Nitric acid Metal nitrate Sulfuric acid Metal sulfate

Finish the equations in section 2

Acids and metal oxides or hydroxides Acid + metal oxide  salt +water Acid + metal hydroxide (OH)  salt + water Hydrochloric acid Magnesium oxide Magnesium chloride Water Acid Salt Hydrochloric acid Metal chloride Nitric acid Metal nitrate Sulfuric acid Metal sulfate

Finish the equations in section 3

Balancing Equations

Plenary random