Chapter 12: Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath Bibliography: 1. The Earth and its Peoples 1. Barron’s AP WORLD History Flash Cards Richard W. Bulliet, Lorraine Lupinskie-Huvane Publisher:Charles Hartford Publisher: Wireless Boulevard City State: Boston New York City State: Hauppauge, New York Year: 2005 Year: 2006 2. Cracking the AP world History Monty ArmStrong Publisher: Random House City State: New York Year: 2009

“Genghis Khan used his military and organization skills to combine the Mongol tribes which set them on a expansion which led them to become the largest empire ever known.” (Bulliet 309) The Mongols failed to conquer Vietnam, Cambodia, Burma, Java, and Japan. “A group of Mongols that was called “Golden Horde” overran Russia and also explored many places such as Poland,” (Cracking the AP history test 154)Hungary, and eastern Germany. “Mongol also ruled over Persia and the Mongols let the Persians have their own way of living except the Persians had to pay taxes to the Mongols and maintain order.” (Flash cards) The Mongols would destroy cities and were ruthless warriors, but once they took over the land for sure that they wanted to, it was peaceful and it was sometimes called “Pax Mongolica” A man from the Mongol tribes

“The Golden Horde was controlled by Genghis’s grandson Batu after his defeat of Russia and Kipchak army.”(Cracking the AP world History Exam page154) The Mongols of the Golden Horde settled at Sarai that was a place where the Volga flows to the Caspian Sea. Alexander Nevskii, the prince of Novgorod, persuaded some fellow princes to join the Mongols.” (Bulliet page 307) The new states in Eastern Europe and Anatolia relied between religion, political maneuvering, and new expressions of their local identity that affected them by the confront of the Mongol challenges. “There were these knights called Teutonic Knights that had a crusading goal”(Flash Cards) which was to Christianize the Slavic and Kipchak populations. The Mongols at war.

“The Ottoman Empire was a descended wave of Turkic migrations “The Ottoman Empire was a descended wave of Turkic migrations.”(Flash cards) The Ottoman sultans seized the political opportunity that arose with the decay of Mongol power. “The teachings of Buddhist priest from Tibet called lamas”(Bulliet 308) and this increased popularity with some Mongol rulers. Beijing, became the center of cultural and economic life. This also served as the eastern terminus of the caravan routes. “The Mongols had the highest social ranking, by law.”(Cracking the Ap World history exam) The two consequences of the Mongol rule was that Russia didn’t unify or culturally develop as quickly and world trade, cultural diffusion, and awareness grew. A famous picture of the sketch of the Ottoman Empire

“The government in Yuan China kept their counterparts in Iran”(Bulliet 307) this was made in order to pursued similar economic and financial policies. “Muslim doctors and Persian medical texts were mostly focused on anatomy, pharmacology, and ophthalmology”(Cracking the AP World History Exam 155) and this was formed in China. The Chinese study was usually herbs, drugs, and potions came in for renewed interest and publication. A Chinese leader, “Zhu Yuanzhang,” made a new movement that destroyed the Yuan Empire and brought China under his new empire. “Many of the Mongols as well as Muslims or Jews, even Christians remained in China as the farmers or shepherds or the high ranked scholars.”(flashcards) A picture of the civilization of the Mongols.

The songs that were recorded before the Mongol conquest and the Ming census that was taken could possibly show that China’s population may have shrunk by 40% during the eighty years when Mongol ruled. “Cottage industries linked to the urban economies where 90% of the people lived.”(Flash Cards) This let to treaties on planting, harvesting, threshing, and butchering that were published. The agriculture base was damaged in certain ways by war, over taxation, and the passage of armies,”(Cracking the Ap World History Exam 155) this did not satisfy the financial needs of Mongol aristocracy. “There was a plague that spread to the population by everyone migrating and this led danger to Mongol because the rodents carried this disease called Bubonic Plague.”(Bulliet 309) Since there was a lack of contemporary records and the hostility which made the economy of difficult for Yuan. A picture of Battle that shows war.

What group overran Russia and also explored many places such as Poland Germany, and Hungary? The Spartans The Golden Horde The Persians The Gupta Empire The Han Dynasty What were the Teutonic Knights trying to do? Trying to Rule over India To Christianize the Romans and Persians? Wanted to establish a new form of government? Trying to get more people to join their group of Knights? 5. To Christianize the Slavic and Kipchak populations?

When the Muslim doctors focused more on medical texts were mostly focused on anatomy, pharmacology, and ophthalmology, where was the formed? India Eastern Europe China South Africa Persia What was the significance importance of Cotton Industries? Treaties were made to help planting, harvesting, threshing, and butchering? Were made to help there be less slaves? Were made to get more people into planting and harvesting? Was made to facilitate the slaves work? It was made so there can be more foreign trades among each country and less wars?