DNA Replication.

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DNA Replication.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA Replication

Review of DNA Structure Nucleotides Sugar: Deoxyribose Phosphate One of four Nitrogenous Bases A T C G

DNA

Replication The process by which DNA is copied Described by Watson & Crick in 1953

Why must DNA replicate? Before cell division (interphase) So daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell has Ex: Humans have 46 total chromosomes in each cell. After 1 mitotic division, each new cell has 46 chromosomes

Step 1: DNA “Unzips” Enzymes break the hydrogen bonds between nucleotides Double Helix unwinds

Step 2: Bases Pair Up Free nucleotides are attached to their complementary bases on the original strand

Step 3: Backbone Bonds The sugar-phosphate backbone is assembled to complete the DNA strand

Step 4: Finished!!! Two new DNA strands are now completed and the cell is ready to begin division These two “sister chromatids” are joined at the centromere and will be separated in anaphase (mitosis)

Now You Try!!! The enzyme has just unzipped the DNA molecule G The enzyme has just unzipped the DNA molecule What Bases match with the ones shown? A T C G T