Infectious Diseases
______________ - a disease that is not spread A ____________ is a condition that affects the normal functioning of the body. noninfectious ______________ - a disease that is not spread from one living organism to another cancer, heart disease, arthritis Examples: ____________________________ infectious ______________ - a disease that is spread from one living organism to another Examples: _________________________________ Yellow fever, common cold, chicken pox
pathogen ______________: a disease-causing microorganism
How are pathogens spread?
through the air __________________: pathogens are spread when a person coughs or sneezes
Contaminated object __________________: a sick person touches an object that is then touched by another person
person to person __________________: spread by direct contact between people
animals __________________: spread from an animal to a person such as by a tick bite
food and water __________________: people can eat or drink contaminated food or water
What are some preventions we can use?
pasteurization __________________: using heat to kill microorganisms
pertussis polio vaccine __________________: a substance that allows your body to develop resistance or immunity to a disease Hepatitis B tetanus Diphtheria
What are some treatments?
antibiotics __________________: a substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria
__________________: rest and fluids Basic care
How does your body defend itself from diseases?
skin dead ________: - outermost layer is _______so pathogens don’t have a cell to infect - pathogens fall off when the dead skins cells fall off - skin also secretes _____that kill many pathogens oils
eyes and mouth nose fever __________________: have special enzymes or chemicals that destroy the pathogen nose __________________: pathogens are washed down the back of the neck by mucus and then digested in the stomach fever __________________: a moderate fever can slow the growth of pathogens and activate the cells of the immune system
immune system __________________: a collection of cells, tissues and organs that work together to fight off pathogens