Add to your Notebook Unit 7 Post WWII America 1945-1963 Title/Category Chapter Origins of Cold War (TCI Ch 38) 1 Cold War Expands (TCI CH 39) 2

YOU WILL BE ABLE TO investigate the Essential Question: Were the methods used by the United States to contain communism justified? • annotate maps with locations and events around the world where the Cold War was fought. • evaluate the various methods and strategies that the United States used to stop the spread of communism.

Introduction By the late 1950s, the United States and the Soviet Union were deeply involved in the Cold War. A key weapon in the struggle between the superpowers was espionage (spying)

Introduction On May 1, 1960, the Soviets shot down a U.S. spy plane flying over the USSR. By this time, the CIA had been flying deep into Soviet airspace for nearly five years. They had taken photographs of Soviet missile bases, airfields, rocket-engine factories, and other military facilities.

Turn and Discuss What does the fact that secrecy was commonly used tell you about the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union at this time?

Introduction Francis Gary Powers was flying the U-2. Like all U-2 pilots, he carried a deadly poison that he could take if the enemy captured him. After the Soviets hit his plane, Powers parachuted to safety. However, before he could drink the poison, Soviet troops grabbed him. Soviet officials later put Powers on trial in Moscow. They sentenced him to 10 years in prison.

Gary Power’s Trial in Soviet Union

Introduction The spy plane incident set back efforts to improve U.S.-Soviet relations. Soviet Leader Khrushchev demanded that the United States stop its U-2 flights and asked the United States to apologize for them. US President Eisenhower agreed to end the flights but insisted on the United States’ right to defend its interests.

A CIA Spy was captured oversees You need to figure out where the spy was captured.

TOOLS YOU NEED Pencil or Pen A Partner Chapter 39 Your Brain

MISSION 1 (CH 39 section 2)

Divided Europe 1948: Berlin Blockade—Soviet Union blocks all access into West Berlin 10 month: Pilots flew over West Berlin dropping supplies. Blockade fails What problem

“Candy Bombers”

Czechoslovakia 1948 Communist Coup d’etat. Communists take over

W. Europe: NATO E. Europe: Warsaw Pact Divided Europe W. Europe: NATO E. Europe: Warsaw Pact

Hungary: Resistance to communism Divided Europe Hungary: Resistance to communism

MISSION 2 Ch 39 Sec. 3

Cold War in Asia 1949: Mao Zedong leads communists to take over China. Renamed People’s Republic of China

Cold War in Asia US recognizes Taiwan as the Republic of China and refuses to recognize People’s Republic of China.

Cold War in Asia Korean War North Korea invades South China backs North, US Backs South Korea Ended at Demilitarized Zone middle of country 38th Parallel. No Peace Treaty.

MISSION 3 ch 39 sec 4

United States Information Agency Sent anti communist propaganda throughout the world.

Cold War Around the World Egypt: Begins trading with Communist Countries, US stops supporting Aswan Dam

Cold War Around the World Guatemala: New Guatemalan president Jacobo Arbenz Guzman was overthrown when CIA used covert actions to install a US friendly government. Goal: Protect US company United Fruit Company.

Cold War Around the World Dominican Republic: US Troops sent in to keep anti-communist/US backed leadership in power.

MISSION 4 ch 39 sec 5

Arms Race US and Soviet Union begin arms race to build up Nuclear Weapons Brinkmanship: Willingness to launch nukes to scare the enemy Deterrence: Scare the Enemy by making stronger weapons

Arms Race Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) Respond to missiles with missiles

Arms Race Deterrence: Scare the Enemy by making stronger weapons US and Soviet Union begin arms race to build up Nuclear Weapons Deterrence: Scare the Enemy by making stronger weapons

Direct Station Identify the Strategies for each action A. U.S. does nothing. B. U.S. employs the CIA for covert actions or spreading propaganda. C. U.S. sends military force. D. U.S. forms alliances for collective security or other purposes. E. U.S. provides or withholds aid. F. U.S. uses the threat of a nuclear attack as a deterrent.