Three people check into a hotel room Three people check into a hotel room. The clerk says the bill is $30, so each guest pays $10. Later the clerk realizes the bill should only be $25. To rectify this, he gives the bellhop $5 to return to the guests. On the way to the room, the bellhop realizes that he cannot divide the money equally. As the guests didn't know the total of the revised bill, the bellhop decides to just give each guest $1 and keep $2 as a tip for himself. Each guest got $1 back, so now each guest only paid $9, bringing the total paid to $27. The bellhop has $2. And $27 + $2 = $29 so, if the guests originally handed over $30, what happened to the remaining $1?

Thirteenth Amendment What did the Thirteenth Amendment say? When was it passed? Which two laws became void as a result of the 13th Amendment? What was the impact of the 13th Amendment on the American political system? What the impact on Southern culture? Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, shall exist within the United States, 6th December 1865 Three-Firths Clause and Fugitive Slave Act Southern Democrat representation in the American government increases (specifically in the HoR). Still racist, and blacks in the South remained in an unsafe position

Reconstruction so far… Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House 9th April 1865 Emancipation Proclamation 22nd September 1862 6th December 1865 Thirteenth Amendment 14th April 1865 Lincoln assassinated Reconstruction so far…

Presidential succession Which government official takes the office as President, in the event of a Presidential death, impeachment or resignation?

Andrew Johnson 1865 to 1869

By the end of this lesson everybody will be able to… Recall the aims of Andrew Johnson and Radical Republicans for Reconstruction Analyse the relationship between the Executive an Legislature in the years 1863-1869 Evaluate how hostile relations between the Executive and Legislature was in the years 1863-1869

Intolerant of criticism No keen sense of public opinion Personality Read p.197, and then summarise Andrew Johnson’s background in 5 bullet points Lonely Stubborn Intolerant of criticism Unable to Compromise No keen sense of public opinion Get students to separate out personality traits into strengths and weaknesses

Andrew Johnson Self-made man tailor’s apprentice to rich landowner to president Only Senator from the Confederate States to remain loyal to the Union during the War Ex-Democrat, Ex-slave owner Radical Republican’s believed he would be harder on the rebels than Lincoln was going to be, as Johnson had called rebel leaders ‘Traitors’ in 1864.

‘Andrew Johnson was ill suited to the position of President that was thrust upon him in 1865’ How far do you agree?

Aims for Reconstruction Andrew Johnson Radical Republicans Aims for Reconstruction p.199 Notes (plans for reconstruction)

Johnson’s aims Continue Lincoln’s policy, Reconstruction as executive rather than a legislative action. Restore southern states to the Union by December 1865 Get the USA back to functioning as normal as soon as possible, which would involve working with ex-Confederates Believed suffrage, social and economic policy were the responsibility of States not Federal Government. He did not see Black people as equal whites and did not want to them to receive the vote.

Johnson’s Actions Johnson made the process of southern states re-joining the Union as easy as possible: He appointed provisional state governors. These governors tried their best to cooperate with white southerners. Governors organised elections for state conventions (white only voters) The conventions drew up new constitutions that accepted slavery was illegal. The state was then allowed back into the Union. In December 1865 he declares the Union Restored

Congress versus Johnson Using the timeline and P199-204 produce a graphic organiser that captures the clashes between the Executive and Legislature over reconstruction 1863-1869. Include the key events and how these demonstrate the differences between the two in principle/aims. Add a scale or other indication to show how hostile the two sides are to each other at each stage. Indicate at each stage which side has the advantage.