Section Two Feudalism and Manorial System Chapter 13 Section Two Feudalism and Manorial System

Charlemagne Review For the following areas list one great thing he did for each Politically Religiously Intellectually Militarily Socially Clovis- Merovingian, Charlemagne- Carolingian

Viking Review Name one of the places they settled

Hierarchy

Oath of Fealty

Example of an Oath The vassal would then place his hands on a Bible, or a saint's relic, and swear he would never injure the lord in any way and to remain faithful. An example of an oath of fealty: "I promise on my faith that I will in the future be faithful to the lord, never cause him harm and will observe my homage to him completely against all persons in good faith and without deceit."

Difference between a Vassal and a noble lord? One grants the land, the other is responsible for using the land (called a vassal) A vassal could then grant some of that land to a Knight (now he is a vassal and a lord) In return for the land you have to support the lord in battle and anything else the Lord wanted Land than is given- is called a fief Primogeniture- giving of land to father’s firstborn son

Power Very limited for Women Social mobility- what is it? She could have land in a dowry She only kept land if her husband died Social mobility- what is it? Being able to improve one’s status Centralized power or decentralized One big man in charge calling all the shots Many different manors and Lords wielding the power from the system top to bottom

Chivalry What does this word mean to you? Who did the Knights protect? Remember the social ladder Feudalism Class Quiz

IN groups three, 1 paper per group The Clergy/Church Monarch Nobles Knights Vassals Merchants Farmers Craftsman Peasants/Serfs Due Monday during Class IN groups three, 1 paper per group Be able to present your findings today. I will give you one of these profiles Describe what level they are: Who they are between? Who is above them who below (2 sentences) Describe what you do? (as a job) About a half a page should describe: where you live, how you got there, who your family members are and were, and what roles in society did they play? 5. Who do you pay your loyalties to? 6. What was the oath you had to take? For 6, I want you to make up an oath, word for word, be creative

Define: Chain mail Knights: Percherons/Clydesdale

Would one want to ever kill a Knight? Why not? Wars- we know they are bad, what is the good side of war in the Middle Ages? Would one want to ever kill a Knight? Why not? Church- prevented violence around church buildings What could they do to enforce this? Tried to stop war on animals and farm equip. Certain days of the week- no fighting- not so easy to enforce What eventually stopped local wars? Remember Lord’s promised their troops to the king during war Trial Battle compurgation- trial by ordeal, swear to tell truth/witnesses/burn hand- heals- innocent, doesn’t= guilty Oath taking Trial by the accused

What are manors? Do they represent centralized power or decentralized power?

Caslte Diagram

Moat: a Key Obstacle

Chivalry Oaths knight took to each other to defend the masses But only had to be courteous within their class Began at 7 yrs old Attendant or Paige for a Knight Squire Then had to prove in battle his courage Then knighted at big ceremony Also swore to protect the manor

Medieval Crop Rotation Why rotate at all? What order should one plant their crops? What might be a danger with divided land and leaving one field unplanted?

What to plant? Legumes, wheat, barley, grain, oats If legumes one year then something that takes more out of the soil the next year Why not Corn and Potatoes? Because they were grown only in the Americas at the time

Universally Consistent Who is the first and lowest in authority in the Catholic order? Parish Priest Next one above him? Bishop- oversees a diocese (fuedal lords) King choses Archdiocese would be ruled by a Archbishop Curia- most powerful group The Cardinals- who select the Pope Could normal class people rise in the church?

IN your own groups of 2, NO MORE THAN 3 You must illustrate a manor in which the Lord owns ½ of all the farmland, and the 10 peasants divide the rest Half of the farmable land splits up 10 ways to the peasants There are Spring and Fall planting that your field must be divided (1/2 & 1/2), and of the halves you split up into the 10 fields for the peasants, you plant both seasons, your choice, just no maiz or papas Split your field in thirds so that you can rotate crops- leave 1 unplanted every year so that you farm more than ½ every year Include a key labeling what you plant and when or label the map itself, the key is just to save space Include the manor- moat, drawbridge, keep, parish (church), manor buildings, peasant homes, necessary roads Sketch out your plan before drawing it on the big paper Due today or 1st thing tomorrow, no more class time, if in soccer, you can turn it in Wed beginning of class-finish for homework,

Read Section 3 –Ch 13 individually due 1st thing Wednesday The Church Hierarchy: what made the church so powerful? Parish Priest: What sacraments couldn’t he administer? The Bishop: Group of churches is called a what? Church leadership: who advised the Pope? Name both. Monasticism: What type of clergy were monks? Lifestyles: Where did they live? Benedictine rule: Who created most of the rules for monks? Where was his monastery? Male leaders in the monastery? Female leaders in the monastery? Spread of influence: How did they become wealthy? Who brought Christianity to England and Ireland?

Designing the floor of a monastery or a church