Chapter 10 Medieval Kingdoms in Europe LESSON 1 – Feudalism LESSON 2 – Peasants, Trade and Cities LESSON 3 – The Growth of European Kingdoms www.glscott.org

Medieval Kingdoms in Europe Charlemagne's empire did not survive long after his death. Grandsons divided it up. Invasions by Vikings , Magyars, and Muslims encouraged a new system of defense known as feudalism. Charlemagne's empire did not survive long after his death. His grandsons divided it up and soon, invasions by Vikings , Magyars, and Muslims encouraged a new system of defense in Europe known as feudalism . www.glscott.org

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INVASIONS www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM The Carolingian Empire of Charlemagne fell: internal fighting outside attacks Most feared attacks from the Vikings, or NORSEMEN (men from the north ) The Carolingian Empire of Charlemagne fell due to internal fighting and from outside attacks. The most feared attacks were from the Vikings , or NORSEMEN (men from the north ). Where exactly? www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM Where exactly? 1) Vikings were from Scandinavia. The Carolingian Empire of Charlemagne fell due to internal fighting and from outside attacks. The most feared attacks were from the Vikings , or NORSEMEN (men from the north ). Where exactly? www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM 2) Germanic people who loved adventure and war. 3) Sacked European towns looking for spoils of war. Vikings were from Scandinavia. They were a Germanic people who loved adventure and war. They sacked many European towns looking for spoils of war. www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM 4) Great shipbuilders - "dragon ships" could sail on rivers and attack areas off the coast. www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM 6) By mid- 9th century - had begun to settle in places in Europe 7) 911 A.D. Frankish ruler gave the Vikings land in Northern France - later became known as Normandy. 8) Franks were willing to let the Vikings settle in Europe if converted to Christianity and in this way, the Vikings became part of European civilization. By mid- 9th century - had begun to settle in places in Europe In 911 A.D. the Frankish ruler gave the Vikings land in Northern France - this later became known as the region of Normandy . These Franks were willing to let the Vikings settle in Europe if they converted to Christianity and in this way, the Vikings became part of European civilization. www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM The Development of Feudalism Centralized Rule: all power in the hands of one person, such as a king After the centralized control of the Carolingians was lost, FEUDALISM was a system of protection developed in Europe because of invasions. The Development of Feudalism Centralized Rule : all the power is in the hands of one person, such as a king After the centralized control of the Carolingians was lost, FEUDALISM was a system of protection that developed in Europe because of the many invasions. One of the main principles of feudalism was the idea of VASSALAGE . This is when trained warriors swore loyalty to a " LORD " who took care of them in many ways. www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM The Development of Feudalism One of the main principles of feudalism the idea of VASSALAGE. When trained warriors swore loyalty to a "LORD " who took care of them The Development of Feudalism Centralized Rule : all the power is in the hands of one person, such as a king After the centralized control of the Carolingians was lost, FEUDALISM was a system of protection that developed in Europe because of the many invasions. One of the main principles of feudalism was the idea of VASSALAGE . This is when trained warriors swore loyalty to a " LORD " who took care of them in many ways. www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM Europe had many rulers with vast landholdings, and some known as KINGS they were not kings of a country, but powerful, wealthy men. Europe at this time had many rulers with vast landholdings, and some were known as KINGS . But these were not kings of a country like we have seen earlier, but they were powerful, wealthy men. But could this "king" protect his great estate alone? Of course not - so feudalism was developed over time. It was a system where people with differing contributions could work together for the protection of all . www.glscott.org

FEUDALISM Could this "king" protect his great estate alone? NO! feudalism was developed over time. A system where people with differing contributions could work together for the protection of all. Europe at this time had many rulers with vast landholdings, and some were known as KINGS . But these were not kings of a country like we have seen earlier, but they were powerful, wealthy men. But could this "king" protect his great estate alone? Of course not - so feudalism was developed over time. It was a system where people with differing contributions could work together for the protection of all . www.glscott.org

SERF = people who worked the land KING > land, includes people who work land > lord or vassal FIEF = land granted to a lord or vassal SERF = people who worked the land KING >>> land, including people who worked the land >>>> lord or vassal FIEF = land granted to a lord or vassal SERF = people who worked the land www.glscott.org

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The lord could use the land as he wished… Example: Splitting his holding up and granting fiefs to lesser lords. This land holding was the most important gift that could be given a lord. The relationship between the Lord and Vassal required military service in return. (usually about 40 days per year) The lord could use the land as he wished, including the policy of splitting his holding up and granting fiefs to lesser lords. This land holding was the most important gift that could be given a lord. This relationship between the Lord and Vassal required military service in return. (usually about 40 days per year). www.glscott.org

KNIGHTS : armored Calvary who- did most of the fighting for the lords www.glscott.org

The peasants and serfs would work on the land and pay rent in return for protection . www.glscott.org

Sometimes a very complicated system - feudal relationships were often unclear. The Feudal Contract was a set of unwritten rules concerning each party's responsibilities to each other. Example: Vassals could serve both Kings and Lords above them…but what if they became enemies? These kings, lords and vassals formed the aristocracy (nobles) in Europe This was sometimes a very complicated system because feudal relationships were often unclear. The Feudal Contract was a set of unwritten rules concerning each party's responsibilities to each other. Example: Vassals could serve both Kings and Lords above them…but what if they became enemies? Even so, these kings, lords and vassals eventually formed the aristocracy (nobles) in Europe. www.glscott.org

defend the Church and defenseless people CHIVALRY was an ethical code of civilized behavior that the knights were to uphold: defend the Church and defenseless people 2) treat captives well and with dignity 3) treat women with respect CHIVALRY was an ethical code of civilized behavior that the knights were to uphold: 1) defend the Church and defenseless people 2) treat captives well and with dignity 3) treat women with respect www.glscott.org

Women's roles varied at this time: most were subservient to men 2) many noble women helped with running the estates for their husbands 3) peasant women worked very hard in agriculture and at home. Women's roles varied at this time: 1) most were subservient to men 2) many noble women helped with running the estates for their husbands 3) peasant women worked very hard in agriculture and at home. www.glscott.org

Can you guess what this cartoon is referring to Can you guess what this cartoon is referring to? The logic of the Middle Ages! www.glscott.org

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