All Sky Infrared Telescope, AKARI (ASTRO-F) Hyung Mok Lee (Seoul National University) and AKARI Team

OUTLINE Overview: Telescope, Focal Plane Instruments, Orbit and Observing Modes Uniqueness Current Status: Launch, Attitude and Orbit Control System, Cryogenics, Detectors of Far Infrared Surveyor, Schedule Science Programs: Large Area Surveys, Mission Programs, Open Time Programs February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

OVERVIEW Illustration in Newton Magazine

The Project Primary Institute: Japan Aerospace Exploration Institutes (JAXA)/Institute for Space and Aeronautical Science (ISAS) Collaborative Institutes in Japan: - University of Tokyo - Nagoya University - Communications Research lab. - National Astronomical Observatory (NAOJ) International Collaboration - Seoul National University (Pre- and post-flight simulations/data reduction) - ESA (Pointing reconstruction) - European Consortium (Imperial, Open Univ., Groningen: data reduction) February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Telescope Cryogenic System Mirror 170 liter LHe + Stirling Cooler 68 cm, F/6 SiC 1" Quality Cryogenic System 170 liter LHe + Stirling Cooler T(tel) < 6 K, T(detector) = 1.8 K (st. Ge:Ga), 15 K (InSb) February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Focal Plane Instruments IRC: Near- and Mid-IR Camera FIS: Far-IR Surveyor February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Orbit and Observing Modes Sun Syncrhonous Orbit with a=7081.093 km e=0.002102013  Altitude ~ 750 km Orbital Period ~100 minutes Max Pointings 3 / revol. Pointing Obs. < 10 min per pointing February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Simulated image at FIR by Jeong, W. UNIQUENESS Simulated image at FIR by Jeong, W.

Features All sky survey in mid to far infrared Higher sensitivity and resolution compared to IRAS (e.g., 0.5-0.8’ compared to 6’ at far IR) Wide field of view compared to Spitzer for near and mid infrared imagers (10’ x 10’ compared to 5’ x 5’) Wide and continuous wavelength coverage from near to far IR (2-170 microns, Spitzer has MIR gap) Wide field spectroscopic capability in far IR. Nearly continuous spectroscopic coverage from near to Far-IR. February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

AKARI Sensitivity Spitzer cannot cover this range February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Large survey volume February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

CURRENT STATUS Lift off on Feb. 21, 2006, 21:28 UT

Launch and Orbit Launch February 21, 2006 21:28 UT Initial Orbit: - apogee: 750 km - perigee: 180 km - inclination angle ~98 deg. Boost orbit operation has been successful - Current orbit has e=0.002 with altitude of ~750 km February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

First Stage Separation at 75 sec. February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Cryogenics Major Operations Vent valve open: 230sec after the launch Mechanical Cryocooler Operation Summary - Cryogenic system is operating as expected - But the delay of APLD Jettison may shorten the observations slightly (~550 days was the original plan ) February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Schedule Aperture Lid Open: April 13, 2006 (delayed by more than one month) Survey started in early May, 2006 Phase 1: First 6 months of observations: devoted to all sky survey (until early November) Phase 2: Remainder of the lifetime (sometime late August?) Mostly pointed observations for Mission Programs, and open time programs. February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

SCIENCE PROGRAMS Stephan’s Quintet, a nearby cluster, seen by Spitzer Telescope

All Sky Survey Four bands in Far-IR: 65, 90, 140, 160 mm Two bands in Mid-IR: 9, 20 mm Sky coverage ~ 90% with more than 2 scans Data Products: - Point Source Catalogues: (1) flux catalogue of IRAS sources (2) Bright Source Catalogue (3) Faint Source Catalogue, etc Other possible products: Advanced Faint Source Catalogue, Extended Source Images, etc AKARI IRAS February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

NEP Survey The nature of sun-synchronous orbit allows very deep surveys in NEP and SEP regions. NEP survey is intended to study the dusty star formation history, mass assembly and large structure evolution of the universe to high redshifts (up to z~4) NEP survey consists of 0.5 sq. deg. deep survey (nearly confusion limited) and wide area (6.2 sq. deg.) shallow survey It will be supplemented by the spectroscopic survey Mission Program. February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

NEP Survey Area Green: Wide Pink: Deep Yellow: CFHT Optical Survey February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

SEP Survey LMC is located near SEP, and most part (15 sqaure degree) of the LMC will be covered by this survey Study star forming regions, supernova remnants, evolved stars, and interstellar medium Data product: - Point source catalogue - Faint source catalogue - Mosaic images - Spectroscopic data February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

SEP Survey Area Five filter bands Near IR Prism 866 Pointings February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Mission Programs Legacy programs of AKARI organized by working groups. Covers wide areas of astronomy - Solar System Objects, including Zodiacal dusts - Stars - ISM, Star Forming Regions - Nearby galaxies - Distant galaxies and blank fields Total Pointings >2200 (including the NEP and SEP surveys) One pointing can be used up to 10 minutes integration February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Open Time Observations Total ~1100 pointing opportunities 500 reserved for European communities 600 for Japanese and Korean astronomers. Program for individual researchers February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Sample Images from Press Releases

Mid-IR all sky survey AKARI 9 mm IRAS 12 mm February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Reflection Nebula IC 4954 February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Spiral Galaxy M81 February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Largest Reflection Nebula IC1396 2 deg x 2 deg February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Dust around a star February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

LMC February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

Color February 21, 2007 APCTP2007

SUMMARY AKARI is performing all sky survey now Capable of mapping large areas with better sensitivity, higher resolution and wider/continuous wavelength coverage from near to far infrared than previous missions Complementary to Spitzer in mid-IR imaging, in addition to the all sky survey which is unique to AKARI. Initial results papers are being written now and will be published by the end of summer this year. A series of point source catalogues will be released soon after the completion of the mission. They will be basic catalogues for upcoming large aperture IR space telescopes (Herschel, JWST, SPICA) February 21, 2007 APCTP2007