UN-R41.04 ASEP Overview

ASEP overview ◆Overview of the regulation ◆Reference point To assess the amount of change in WOT noise relative to the engine speed. The criterion are below the linear slope of 5 dB/1,000 rpm for higher engine speeds and 0* dB/ 1,000 rpm for lower engine speeds in relation to the reference point +3 dB. The regulation applies to Class III (PMR>50) only. ◆Reference point 　-The same as Lwot at the time of measuring Lurban (in case of measurement using the two gears, select the one for the lower gear). 0　Engine revolutions in front of microphone nPP’ Full-throttle noise value dB Reference point Upper limit point Regulatory value 3dB Lower limit point 5dB/1000rpm slope 0dB/1000rpm slope Test result image <Non-conformance area> <Conformance area> (*1dB from 2017) P P' B B' A A' Microphones (Throttle fully closed) (Wide open throttle) Test course overview

ASEP overview ◆Upper limit point 　- The vehicle speed nAA’ at point AA’ is adjusted so that the engine speed nBB’ at point BB’ could satisfy the below and WOT noise level is measured. 　　nBB’=0.85×（ｓ-nidle）+nidle　(PMR≤66) 　　nBB’=3.4×PMR-0.33（ｓ-nidle）+nidle　(PMR>66) 　　The selected gear shall be 2nd. If the 3rd gear satisfies requirements of nBB' and vBB', 3rd shall be used. If the 4th gear satisfies requirements of nBB' and vBB', 4th shall be used. 0　Engine revolutions in front of microphone nPP’ Full-throttle noise value dB Reference point Upper limit point Regulatory value 3dB Lower limit point 5dB/1000rpm slope 0dB/1000rpm slope Test result image <Non-conformance area> <Conformance area> (However, VBB’≤80km/h) s: rated engine speed nidle: Enging speed at idle P P' B B' A A' Microphones (Throttle fully closed) (Wide open throttle) Test course overview ◆Lower limit point 　- The vehicle speed VAA’ is adjusted so that the engine speed nAA’ at point AA’ could satisfy the below the WOT noise level is measured. 　　nAA’=0.1×（s-nidle）+nidle　　(However, VAA’≧20km/h) 　　No specification of gear selection for the measurement.

ASEP overview ◆Evaluation method of the final result 0　Engine revolutions in front of microphone nPP’ Full-throttle noise value dB Reference point Upper limit point Regulatory value 3dB Lower limit point 5dB/1000rpm slope 0dB/1000rpm slope Test result image <Non-conformance area> <Conformance area> ◆Evaluation method of the final result 　- Noise value is plotted against engine speed in front of microphone nPP’. 　- Measurement is required at least for the reference and upper limit points; Additional test points are allowed. 　- Criteria must be met at all points within the range from lower to upper ASEP limit lines. 　- If the change of nBB’ is limited to less than 0.05×（ｓ－nidle) against the reference point, the ASEP does not apply (in case of some CVT vehicles). P P' B B' A A' Microphones (Throttle fully closed) (Wide open throttle) Test course overview

ASEP control range ASEP control range Example 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th vBB' < 80 km/h nBB' < 0.85 * (S - nidle) + nidle (PMR < 66) 　　　 3.4 * PMR - 0.33 * (S - nidle) + nidle (PMR > 66) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th ASEP control range nAA' > 0.1 * (S - nidle) + nidle vAA' > 20 km/h #/n

Limit (shown by the graph) Example Line with slope of 5dB/1000min-1 Line with slope of 1dB/1000min-1 * 3dB Lwot,(i) Reference point full throttle acceleration test ･vPP’ = 50km/h ･the same gear(i) as tested in Annex3 Any measurements shall be within this area. nwot,(i) * 0dB/1000min-1 until the end of 2016 #/n

Example of ASEP measurement

Example of ASEP measurement G vehicle: MT model Maximum output=29kW; vehicle weight=168 kg; PMR＝119.3; ｓ＝14000rpm; nidle＝1600rpm Desk study results of test conditions Gear Upper limit point Lower limit point nBB’＝10300rpm nAA’＝2840rpm VBB’（km/h） VAA’（km/h） 2nd 61.8 17.0 3rd 77.7 21.4 4th 93.8 25.9 ◆Reference point 　Third gear VPP’=50km/h (Lurban: Measured with third gear) ◆Upper limit point 　nBB’=3.4×PMR-0.33（ｓ-nidle）+nidle　=10300 　VBB’≦80km/h ◆Lower limit point 　nAA’=0.1×（ｓ-nidle）+nidle　=2840 　VAA’≧20km/h It is expected that 3rd gear will be employed for the upper limit measurement and 4th gear for the lower limit. Reference point test result Gear L R VAA’ VPP’ VBB’ nPP’ 3rd 1 76.1 77.6 41.9 50.1 57.4 6589 2 76.8 42.4 50.7 58.1 6668 3 76.7 77.2 40.5 49.2 57.0 6471 Average 76.5 41.6 50.0 57.5 6576 Final test result Upper limit value test result Gear L R VAA’ VPP’ VBB’ nPP’ nBB’ 3rd 1 82.7 81.9 65.9 71.8 77.9 9443 10246 2 66.4 71.9 9457 3 82.2 67.0 72.8 78.1 9575 10272 Average 82.4 82.3 72.2 78.0 9492 10254 ASEP試験の試験方法の説明となります。 Regulatory value （～2016） Upper limit point （2017～） Reference point Lower limit point Lower limit value test result Gear L R VAA’ VPP’ VBB’ nPP’ nAA’ 4th 1 70.7 71.1 26.3 34.0 39.9 3706 2867 2 70.8 26.2 33.8 39.7 3684 2856 3 25.9 34.2 40.1 3728 2823 Average 71.0 26.1 2848

Example of ASEP measurement - If exemption provisions apply. ASEP exemption: If the variation of the exit engine speed nBB’ relative to the reference point is below 0.05×（ｓ－nidle), then the ASEP does not apply. Vehicle H: CVT model; Max. output = 37.7kW; Vehicle weight =250 kg; PMR＝116; ｓ＝7500rpm; nidle=1300 rpm Reference point Upper limit point Lower limit point Std. nPP’　(rpm） <Reference> Final test result Lwot　(dB） ◆Reference point 　VPP’=50km/h ◆Upper limit point 　nBB’=3.4×PMR-0.33（ｓ-nidle）+nidle　=5691 　VBB’≦80km/h ◆Lower limit point 　nAA’=0.1×（ｓ-nidle）+nidle　=1920 　VAA’≧20km/h Test result Vehicle speed　（km/h） Engine speed　（rpm） Noise(dB) Condition VAA’ VPP’ VBB’ nAA’ nPP’ nBB’ L R Upper limit VBB’≦80 72.5 75.4 80.0 nBB’≦5691 3879 4585 4810 78.3 79.3 Reference point － 41.6 50.0 60.1 3112 4437 4804 77.5 80.2 Lower limit VAA’≧20 20.0 40.6 56.2 nAA’≧1920 2379 5094 5112 80.6 82,3 Differences from the value at reference point nBB’ 4,804 rpm are below “0.05×（s-nidle）=310rpm” for both upper and lower limits, and therefore the exemption applies. As it is unable to adjust the engine speed, measurements are made at VAA’=20km/h and VBB’=80km/h.

Questions or comments can be addressed to Daniela Leveratto, IMMA Technical Director, at the following email: d.leveratto@immamotorcycles.org Thank you!