Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Schematic diagram of the configuration of the single-lamp solar simulator, together with the terminology used to define the dimensions of the conical secondary concentrators. The outlet plane of the secondary concentrator is aligned with the focal plane of the elliptical reflector for all the cases assessed with the single-lamp system, i.e., S + L = 3 m.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Arrangement of the seven-lamp solar simulator: (a) front view and (b) side view. The focal length of each elliptical reflector is 3 m.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Heat flux at a plane 50 mm down-beam from the outlet of the secondary concentrator for the single-lamp system: (a) the planar measurement, (b) the planar ray-tracing simulation, and (c) the comparison between the measured and simulated heat flux. The error-bar of ± 3% for the measurement was determined from the accuracy of the heat flux transducer.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Normalized line of sight radiation as measured from the arc and as calculated with the assumptions of the multilayer arc model described previously [12]

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity of the simulated heat flux to the surface reflectance of the secondary cone for the single-lamp system. Radiant flux was acquired at the outlet plane of the conical secondary concentrator at constant L = 1000 mm, θ = 10 deg, and d = 50 mm.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity for the single-lamp system of the simulated heat flux at the outlet of the cone, to the half angle of the secondary cone. Data are reported for various cases of D at constant R = 0.95 and L = 1000 mm.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity for the seven-lamp system of the simulated heat flux to the half angle θ of the secondary cone. Radiant flux acquired at the outlet of the secondary cone, varying D at constant R = 0.95, L = 600 mm, and S1 = 0.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity for the seven-lamp system of the simulated heat flux to the length L of the secondary cone, varying L and D at constant R = 0.95, θ = 24.5 deg, and S1 = 0

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: (a) Sensitivity of the simulated heat flux to the outlet diameter d of secondary concentrator for the seven-lamp system, varying d at constant θ = 24.5 deg and R = 1. (b) Sensitivity of the simulated heat flux to the surface reflectance of the secondary concentrator for the seven-lamp system at constant θ = 24.5 deg, L = 600 mm, d = 100 mm, and S1 = 0.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity of the simulated heat flux to the misalignment of the elliptical reflector relative to the lamp for the cases with and without the conical concentrator for (a) a single-lamp system and (b) a seven-lamp system. Heat flux was calculated with θ = 10 deg, L = 1000 mm, d = 200 mm, and R = 0.95 for the single-lamp system, while that for the seven-lamp system is θ = 24.5 deg, L = 600 mm, d = 200 mm, R = 0.95, and S1 = 0. The conical secondary concentrators applied are in their aligned positions.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Arrangement of the seven-lamp solar simulator with both the secondary concentrator and the conical back reflector. The distance bewtween the focal plane and the outlet of the secondary concentrator is S1 and that between the focal plane to the inlet of the conical back reflector is S2. D3 and L3 are the diameter and depth of the conical back reflector, respectively.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity of the simulated heat flux to the geometry of the tertiary cone for the seven-lamp system, varying D3 and L3, at S1 = 50 mm, S2 = 50 mm, L = 600 m, and θ = 24.5 deg. Heat flux is calculated at the focal plane of (a) 50 mm, (b) 100 mm, and (c) 150 mm diameter, respectively. Reflectance of all the reflecting surface is 0.95.

Date of download: 10/22/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Secondary Concentrators to Achieve High Flux Radiation With Metal Halide Solar Simulators J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2016;138(4):041001-041001-10. doi:10.1115/1.4032943 Figure Legend: Sensitivity of the simulated heat flux to the surface reflectance of the conical back reflector for the seven-lamp system, with D3 = 100 mm, L3 = 20 mm, θ = 24.5 deg, L = 600 mm, d = 100 mm, S1 = 50 mm, and S2 = 50 mm. Heat flux is calculated at the focal plane of 100 mm. Reflectance of all the other reflecting surface is 0.95.