Add to Table of Contents 4 biomolecules pg.24 Biomolecules pg. 25

Biomolecules pg. 25 Biomolecules Organic = =macromolecules(big) that contain carbon and are found in living things. contains carbon!

Monomer - Polymer - the building blocks of macromolecules. Complex molecule made up of 3 or more monomers.

Isomers - compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different structures. Ex. Glucose = C6H 12O6 Fructose = C6H 12O6

Create Biomolecule flip booklet

Label 1 flap for each: Carbohydrate Protein Lipid Nucleic Acid

Carbohydrates Carbohydrate a biomolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. (1:2:1 ratio) Fast source of energy

Carbohydrates 1. Monosaccharide = 1 sugar ex. glucose or fructose 2. Disaccharide = 2 sugars combined. ex. Sucrose (table sugar) 3. Polysaccharide = many sugars combined. ex. Starch, glycogen, cellulose.

Carbohydrates Functions: 1. Short term energy storage 2. Give structure and support to plant cells.

Lipids Lipids - Large biomolecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. ex. Fats, oils, waxes and steroids

Lipids Saturated fats – all carbons have single bonds ex. meat fat, chocolate, coconut oil, butter, cheese 2. Unsaturated fats – 1 double bond ex. Avacados, peanut oil 3. Polyunsaturated fats – more than 1 double bond ex. Vegetable oils

Lipids Function- 1. Cells store long-term energy as lipids (fats) 2. Insulate living organisms. (blubber) 3. Forms cell membranes.

DO NOT HAVE TO WRITE!! Trans fatty acids are manufactured fats created during a process called hydrogenation, which is aimed at stabilizing polyunsaturated oils to prevent them from becoming rancid and to keep them solid at room temperature. They may be particularly dangerous for the heart and may pose a risk for certain cancers. Hydrogenated fats are used in stick margarine, fast foods, commercial baked goods (donuts, cookies, crackers), processed foods, and fried foods.

Proteins Protein - a polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. -We get protein from meat, beans and nuts

Proteins amino acids - The building blocks of proteins(monomers). Enzymes – proteins that change the rate of a chemical reaction.

Proteins Function- 1. Contracting muscles. 2. Transporting oxygen in the blood. 3.Help build enzymes, hair, muscles, horns, and hoofs.

Nucleic Acid Nucleic Acid - A biomolecule of C, H, O, nitrogen and phosphorus Ex. DNA and RNA

Nucleic Acids Nucleotide- Function- A monomer of phosphate, sugar and nitrogen bases 1. stores and transmits genetic information -DNA. 2. Helps make proteins-RNA.