Introduction to the Colonies a territory under the immediate political control of a state, distinct from the home territory of the sovereign

Jamestown The first enduring English settlement - 1607 When the colonists first arrived they had many problems in what is known as the starvation period. War with Indians Disease Starvation The colony was saved when John Rolfe and John Smith introduced tobacco to the colony.

Virginia The Jamestown colony developed into what is current day Virginia. Establishment of The House of Burgesses The first representative democracy They borrowed these ideas from Enlightenment philosophers

Other Southern Colonies The Carolinas (North & South) Maryland Georgia These colonies: Relied on PLANTATION farming Plantation: a large farm dedicated to planting a few crops on a large scale This meant few towns and cities Large amounts of slaves Anglican & Baptists (Maryland had Catholics!) Usually liked the king

Southern Society Great Planters Small Farmers Landless Whites There was a strict social hierarchy in the south. Women were also considered to be 2nd class citizens. Great Planters Small Farmers Landless Whites Indentured Black Slaves

Plymouth & Massachusetts Bay Founded so the Puritans could practice their religion - 1620 The Puritans wanted to create perfect, moral societies Established the Mayflower Compact The first direct democracy They borrowed this idea from the Enlightenment Philosophers

New England Colonies The Puritans settled other colonies to create a region called New England, it contained: Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut New Hampshire These colonies: Had a cold climate that prevented farming Produced lumber, fished, built ships & traded

New England Society No plantations  not as much slavery More industry  building cities More focus on education and family Harvard, Princeton, Yale Women were still not equal to men 1692 – The Salem Witch Trials Young girls were accused of being witches Led to hysteria and several executions

Middle Colonies These colonies were first settled by the Dutch. They started to have problems with the Native American so they sold their land to the English. Delaware Pennsylvania New York New Jersey These colonies: Trade oriented Religious freedom Got along with natives because they weren’t taking land.

Differences in Religion Some colonies did not follow the same ideas as their region! Maryland (Lord Baltimore) Allowed Catholics Pennsylvania (William Penn) Philadelphia = “The city of Brotherly Love” The Quakers were very tolerant to others and kind to the Natives Rhode Island (Roger Williams) Allowed all types of Protestants

Slavery in America Early on, colonists used indentured servants, or people who came to America and worked to pay off their passage. In 1676 indentured rebelled in Bacon’s Rebellion This led to an increase in African slaves Remember, the slaves were brought over through the Middle Passage. Slaves still had some of their own culture through religion and dance

Problems with Native Americans Things started off well between the English and Natives. There really did was a Thanksgiving dinner! Squanto really did exist! After awhile, the English continued to take land from the Indians which resulted in some violence. In the Pequot war an Indian village was burnt down after colonist women were kidnapped. In King Phillip's War the colonists posted the Native leader's head on a stake.

The FIRST Great Awakening With a lot of new political & secular ideas in the colonies some people started to leave religion. To try and gain more attendance at church preachers began to tour around the colonies in groups called revivals. Jonathan Edwards George Whitefield Even though this was church related it gave people the freedom to make choices! This, just like the Enlightenment, will change the way Americans think about their rights.

Mercantilism & Salutary Neglect

What is Mercantilism? What you can charge for goods and where you can sell goods is controlled by the government. 1. The government only wants to export goods. Remember, if you are exporting, you are selling things, which means you are making...

Mercantilism contd. 2. The colonies will send all of their raw materials to the mother country (England!). =  3. In the mother country, the raw materials will be turned into a different, more expensive, finished product

Mercantilism contd. 4. The finished project can now be sold BACK to the colonies or to other locations for profit. England-->

One More Time!

Salutary Neglect The British policy of loose enforcement of trade on the colonies. The British let the Americas do what they wanted!