Recent immigration from Serbia to Italy: The beginning of a new tradition? Cecilia Reynaud University Roma Tre, Rome Vladimir Nikitović Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade Enrico Tucci ISTAT, Rome

Serbian citizens abroad – Destination countries (2011) The highest increase of the share of Serbian citizens abroad between 2002 and 2011 Census relates to Italy (51%) Distribution (%) of Serbian citizens according to the most popular destination countries. 2011 Census Source: our elaboration on Serbian 2011 census data

Serbian citizens abroad – Duration of stay (2011 census) The average length of stay of Serbian citizens in Italy (8.0 years) is considerably shorter than in traditional destinations Distribution (%) of Serbian citizens according to the duration of stay - selected destination countries Source: our elaboration on Serbian 2011 census data

Serbian citizens abroad – Educational attainment (2011) Emigrants from Serbia with high education – total number and share Italy is the most similar to the traditional destinations of Serbian citizens according to the share of people with tertiary education Source: our elaboration on Serbian 2011 census data Note: Yugoslav successor states and countries with small number of Serbian citizens are not presented in the table.

Serbian citizens abroad – Returnees (2011 census) Returnees from Italy consist 3.9% of the total number of returnees – while 7.4% of all Serbian emigrants reside in Italy Distribution of returnees according to the period of return (%), selected countries of residence Source: our elaboration on Serbian 2011 census data

Immigration in Italy During the 80’s Italy becomes an immigration country In the following years immigration became the most important demographic phenomenon (foreigners 8,3% of the resident pop) Resident foreign population in Italy (in thousands). Years 1981-2014 Source: our elaboration on Istat data

The trend of immigration from Fed Rep Yug countries to Italy In the 1995-’99 period, the FRY trend seems to follow different patterns of immigration In the 2000-’13 period, the trend of the arrivals of ex-FRY citizens seems to follow the trend of the total immigration Immigration to Italy of FRY citizens and total foreign citizens. Years 1995-2013 Source: our elaboration on Istat data

Resident population from FRY countries in Italy Serbian citizens are still the majority but the share of Kosovars is increasing Resident population of FRY citizens by citizenship. Years 2003-2013 Source: our elaboration on Istat data

Resident population from Serbia in Italy Serbian resident population is young and shows a balanced structure by sex (more females in 25-34 class of age) Serbian citizens by class of age and sex. 2011 Census Source: our elaboration on Istat data

General age profile of migrants from Serbia, 2009-2011 Males Females Emigration Immigration Emigration Immigration Age Age Source: Eurostat online database

Serbian residents in Italy Serbian citizens prefer to settle in the Nord-East of the country, which implies the geographic proximity as the main factor. Serbian citizens by province. Years 2007, 2011, 2013 Source: our elaboration on Istat data

Inferences Italy as a new destination since the 1990s wars Serbian citizens in Italy are closer to the compatriots in traditional destinations in terms of educational attainment Serbian citizens will strive to permanently settle down in Italy unlike the typical ’guest workers’ to Germany between 1960s and 1980s The migration flows are concentrated in the younger ages (20-24 and 25-29) Increasing percentage of females due to a strong demand for caregivers caused by population ageing in Italy Economic crisis reduces the demand for dominanlty male jobs The size of the flows could be significantly depleted due to intensified population ageing and lack of labor force in Serbia Considering the geographical proximity, the increase of new kinds of migration between Italy and Serbia, such as circular, is possible

Recent immigration from Serbia to Italy: The beginning of a new tradition? Cecilia Reynaud University Roma Tre, Rome Vladimir Nikitović Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade Enrico Tucci ISTAT, Rome