Section 10-4 19th Century Progress

Inventions made Life Easier Gasoline & electricity were replacing coal & steam as sources of energy Thomas Edison – invented the electric light bulb and the idea of a research laboratory Alexander Graham Bell – telephone Guglielmo Marconi – sent the 1st radio waves across the Atlantic Henry Ford – 1st to use standard interchangeable parts and the assembly line to make automobiles more affordable Wilbur and Orville Wright – 1st to fly a gas powered flying machine

Advances in Medicine Louis Pasteur – discovered the Germ Theory of Medicine (bacteria caused people to get sick and that heat could kill bacteria Helped public officials to realize that a clean environment would help to keep bacteria away Medical researchers developed vaccines for typhus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, and yellow fever

Advances in Science Charles Darwin – created the theory of evolution – that stated that all forms of life evolved from earlier living forms that existed millions of years ago Gregor Mendel – said that all life forms were made up of a certain genetic sequence Dmitri Mendeleev – organized the elemental chart by weight from lightest to heaviest. Marie and Pierre Curie – discovered 2 new elements that were missed by Mendeleev (radium and polonium) these 2 elements released a form of energy that was called radioactivity

Social Sciences explore behavior The new advances in sciences led to creation of modern social sciences such as archaeology, sociology, and anthropology Sigmund Freud – came up with idea that the unconscious mind makes people act in certain ways This brought up the new idea that humans were not in control of their behavior

The Emergence of Mass Culture People began to enjoy leisure activities like sports, the theatre, and vacations