7.3: Age of Jackson Minilesson: Jackson’s First Term Work Time: Nullification Crisis Homework: - GR 7.3 (11/29)

Pres. Election of 1824 Andrew Jackson led electoral and popular votes, but no majority H of R elected John Q Adams led to DR party split… Nat’l Republicans [JQA supporters] - more involved gov’t  active role in people’s lives Democratic-Republican Party [AJ supporters] - limited gov’t intervention - feared the concentration of economic and political power - importance of individual freedom

Pres. Election of 1828 (rematch JQA vs. AJ) AJ supporters mudslinging  attack reputation of opponent - JQA an elitist - AJ a common man “Old Hickory” had first well-organized nat’l party campaign - “sit-back-and-be-elected” era ended

The Economies of the North and South Economy of the North Fishing, shipbuilding industry and naval supplies, trade and port cities Skilled craftsmen, shopkeepers, manufacturing (textiles, tools, metals, building materials, etc.) Economy of the South Large farms/plantations, cash crops (tobacco, indigo, rice, cotton), wood products, small farms Slavery

Pres. AJ – First Actions strengthen exec branch’s power while reducing fed. power (1) relying on a “Kitchen Cabinet”  political friends instead of his official one (2) rewarding followers and confronting enemies (3) rotating officeholders [spoils system] keep Dems in office

The Debate Over Tariffs Tariffs are taxes that the government puts on imported goods (Goods brought in from other countries). Pro: If you were a craftsman or manufacturer in the United States, you would like tariffs because your products would not have that additional tax, therefore your products are cheaper than foreign products. People will be more likely to buy your products. Con: If your business is agriculture, you need to sell your food and raw materials and buy manufactured goods. You may depend on foreign nations to buy your goods and in return you buy their manufactured goods. You are afraid that tariffs will make foreign goods more expensive. You worry that if you don’t buy their goods, then they won’t buy your farm goods and your economy will suffer.

Sec. 5. And it be further enacted,…there shall be levied, collected, and paid, in lieu of the duties now imposed by law, on window glass, of the sizes above ten inches by fifteen inches, five dollars for one hundred square feet: Provided, That all window glass imported in plates or sheets, uncut, shall be chargeable with the same rate of duty. On vials and bottles not exceeding the capacity of six ounces each, one dollar and seventy-five cents per groce.

Sec. 6. And it be further enacted, …there shall be levied, collected, and paid, in lieu of the duties now imposed by law, on all imported roofing slates Sec 8. And it be further enacted, That, in all cases where the duty which now is, or hereafter may be, imposed, on any goods, wares, or merchandises, imported into the United States, shall, by law, be regulated by, or be directed to be estimated or levied upon the value of the square yard, or of any other quantity or parcel thereof; and in all cases where there is or shall be imposed any ad valorem rate of duty on any goods, wares, or merchandises, imported into the United States, to be appraised, estimated, and ascertained, and the number of such yards, parcels, or quantities, and such actual value of every of them, as the case may require.

Tariff of Abominations (1828) tax on manufactured goods opposed by South - price of British goods increased - more dependent on high priced NE goods

Nullification Crisis VP John C. Calhoun – South Carolina had right to declare federal law illegal - right to nullify and void laws - SC would not collect/pay taxes - threatened to secede - angered AJ

Nullification Crisis AJ pushed Congress to pass Force Act - president power to send troops into state to collect taxes Henry Clay developed Compromise of 1833 - reduced duties over 10 year period - SC repealed nullification law

Nullification Crisis Reading What are some words or phrases that give you a clue to his position? (Provide at least 3) What is one quote that reflects this reading? What is his position on nullification? What does Jackson think about the power of the national government? (Provide at least one detail.)