The Movement West and Its Impact on American Indians SOL 4a

SOL 4a--Go West! Why? Reason 1… Opportunities for Land ownership...homestead act of 1862 (160 acres)

SOL 4a--Go West! Why? Reason 2… technology (Train) makes it safer and quicker to get West

SOL 4a--Go West! Why? Reason 3… Opportunity for wealth (gold and silver is discovered) http://www.history.com/topics/gold-rush-of-1849

SOL 4a--Go West! Why? Reason 4… they wanted an adventure

SOL 4a--Go West! Why? Reason 5… Desire for a new beginning for former enslaved African Americans

SOL 4a--Impact on Indians Opposition by American Indians to westward expansion (Battle of Little Bighorn, Sitting Bull, Geronimo)--TAKE NOTES ON VIDEO CLIPS http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/battle-of-the-little-bighorn/videos http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/battle-of-the-little-bighorn Little Big Horn “Custer’s Last Stand”...he and all of his men were killed USA--led by Custer and Reno (250 soldiers) American Indians--Led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/crazy-horse Fought near the banks of Little Bighorn River Gold was found in the Black Hills...Prospectors began to trespass onto Indian land...so Custer and his men sent in Custer thought he was up against a few hundred warriors and attacked from the North while Reno attacked from the South Reno retreated and survived Custer and all of his men were killed

SOL 4a--Impact on Indians Forced relocation from traditional lands to reservations (Chief Joseph, Nez Percé) http://www.biography.com/people/chief-joseph-9358227#synopsis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEMdN_4GAs4 II. Chief Joseph leader of the Nez Perce (Oregon) Because of a treaty in 1855 peace between the Nez Perce and U.S. lasted for many years Gold was discovered on the Nez Perce land in 1860...US gov’t tried to move them to another reservation in Idaho He knew his 200 warriors was no match for US army...tried to escape to Canada to join up with Sitting Bull Walked 1400 miles fighting fourteen battles, but eventually ran out of food, blankets, and warriors...He was less than 10 miles from the Canadian border when he was forced to surrender (1877) Was force to live on a reservation in Oklahoma and later in Idaho Spent rest of his life fighting peacefully for the fights of his people...even met with President Hayes and President Roosevelt “All men were made by the Great Spirit Chief. They are all brothers.”

SOL 4a--Impact on Indians Reduced population through warfare and disease (Battle of Wounded Knee) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wounded_Knee_Massacre https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UoMW37xfMRw http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/wounded-knee/videos/the-last-of-the-sioux?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false III. Battle of Wounded Knee Last major confict between US Army and American Indians 1890 near Wounded Knee Creek South Dakota AE performing the famous Ghost Dance hoping to return to their old ways Tried to arrest Sitting Bull...but ended up killing him Colonel Forsyth had 500 soldiers...lined up Chief Spotted Elk’s people to take away their guns...nobody is sure what happened (legend of deaf warrior Black Coyote)...US Army fired upon entire village killing more than 200, many were women and children

Geronimo http://www.biography.com/people/geronimo-9309607#synopsis http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/weshallremain/the_films/episode_4_trailer http://ndepth.newsok.com/geronimo IV. Geronimo Apache Chief Born in Arizona on property that was claimed by the Mexican Government Great Hunter His wife, children, and mother were killed by the Mexican Government He wanted revenge and led many raids into Mexico Later the US acquired land, so he began to raid American Settlements Captured in 1886 and spent the rest of his life as a prisoner of war...was paraded around like a puppet in the 1904 World’s Fair

SOL 4a--Impact on Indians Assimilation attempts and lifestyle changes (e.g., reduction of buffalo population) http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/battle-of-the-little-bighorn/videos/american-buffalo?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

SOL 4a--Impact on Indians Reduced their homelands through treaties that were broken http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/07/21/animated-map-shows-loss-western-tribal-lands-1784-124688

Today’s American Indian http://abcnews.go.com/2020/video/hidden-america-children-plains-robert-crumbling-trailer-dreams-2020-14742304