INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT: CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES QUANTIFYING INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT THROUGH INTEGRATION OF OBSERVATIONS AND MODELS SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS Global and continuous but few species, low resolution Source/sink inventories 3-D CHEMICAL TRACER MODELS SURFACE OBSERVATIONS high resolution but spatially limited Assimilated meteorological data AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS High resolution, targeted flights provide critical snapshots for model testing Chemical and aerosol processes INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT: CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES

PACIFIC ASIA TRACE-P EXECUTION FLIGHT PLANNING ASIAN OUTFLOW DC-8 P-3 Satellite data in near-real time: MOPITT TOMS SEAWIFS AVHRR LIS Stratospheric intrusions FLIGHT PLANNING Long-range transport from Europe, N. America, Africa ASIAN OUTFLOW 3D chemical model forecasts: - ECHAM - GEOS-CHEM - Iowa/Kyushu - Meso-NH -LaRC/U. Wisconsin Boundary layer chemical/aerosol processing DC-8 P-3 PACIFIC Emissions Fossil fuel Biomass burning Biosphere, dust ASIA PACIFIC

TOMS AND SEAWIFS DATA DURING TRACE-P (3/21/01) Observations of dust, biomass burning plumes TOMS Aerosol index DC-8 Flight track SEAWIFS AOD SEAWIFS Visible image On March 19 there was a strong dust outbreak, with dust concentrations greater than 100 ug/m3 predicted to be transported into the Yellow Sea. The dust forecast in the upper right shows clearly the outflow pattern. This plume was consistent with that observed by TOMS and Seawifs. Note the extension of the dust plume over over Japan. This was sampled by the P-3 on their return to Yokota.

MOPITT near-real time CO column data during TRACE-P: diamonds show validation experiments Get map of aircraft flight tracks Source: J.C. Gille, NCAR MOPITT validation spirals MOPITT validation transect (following orbit track)

MOPITT validation during TRACE-P: 40N, 132W 0226 at 2005Z; double spiral bracketing in time the MOPITT overpass. Solid stratus deck with tops at 3.5Kft, otherwise clear sky. Layer at 4-7 km is aged Asian pollution. DC-8 CO data (Sachse)

RETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NO2 FROM GOME July 1996 data [Martin et al Scattering AMF using local shape factors from the GEOS-CHEM model and accounting for local cloud information (fraction, top, optical depth) GEOS-CHEM global 3-D model with GEIA inventory for NOx (scaled to 1996)

FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME: July 1996 means [Palmer et al., 2001]

GOME MAPPING OF ISOPRENE EMISSIONS BY SCALING OF GOME FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS (July 1996) GEIA BEIS2

SLANT FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME: Isoprene “volcano” in the Ozarks [Palmer et al., 2001]

SAMPLE 500 hPa OZONE FIELD AS VIEWED BY TES GEOS-CHEM data for Aug. 15, 1994 (“real atmosphere”) …as would be retrieved by TES… (level 2 data) … and subsequently Interpolated (level 3 data)

THE LONGER-TERM PERSPECTIVE: GEOSTATIONARY OBSERVATIONS GIFTS (2004), GEO-TRACE (proposed), GEO-SCIA (proposed) Observe ozone, CO, NO2, HCHO, aerosols (scattering and absorbing), water vapor, clouds in nadir Advantage: continuous observation of continental-scale scene with high spatial resolution Resolve synoptic-scale transport, convective outflow Resolve temporal dependence of emissions Can be moved in space (or deployed in constellation) to provide global mapping Disadvantages Distant viewing (compensate by staring) Low vertical resolution (compensate by high horizontal density of information)