Long-term intracerebral inflammatory response after traumatic brain injury  S.M. Gentleman, P.D. Leclercq, L. Moyes, D.I. Graham, C. Smith, W.S.T. Griffin, J.A.R. Nicoll  Forensic Science International  Volume 146, Issue 2, Pages 97-104 (December 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027 Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 A possible model for the influence of gene polymorphisms in the cytokine cycle and resultant amyloid cascade following head injury. Forensic Science International 2004 146, 97-104DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 A bar chart illustrating the extent of microglial immunoreactivity in three different groups: autopsy controls, biopsy controls and contusion biopsy samples. The contusion biopsy group shows an overall increase in the amount of immunoreactivity with both microglial markers CD68 (dotted) and CR3/43 (dashed) as compared to the two control groups. Forensic Science International 2004 146, 97-104DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 A bar chart suggesting a possible IL-1A–889 T allele dose effect on CD68 and CR3/43 immunoreactivity scores in the contusion biopsy group. Forensic Science International 2004 146, 97-104DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 A scatterplot illustrating the association of microglial activation and survival time in relation to IL-1A genotype. Forensic Science International 2004 146, 97-104DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Two examples illustrating the image analysis procedure in a non-contused (A–C) and a contused tissue area (D–F). Images of CD68 immunoreactive cells were captured using a X20 microscope objective (A,D). The images were thresholded on the basis of hue and intensity (B,E) and measurements expressed as area of immunostaining divided by area of interest sampled. Forensic Science International 2004 146, 97-104DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 White matter from the frontal lobe of a long term head injury survivor immunostained for the microglial markers CD68 (A) and CR3/43 (B). Note the disparity in the number and size of microglia stained with the lysosomal marker (A) as compared to the MHC class II marker (B). Bars = 50μm. Forensic Science International 2004 146, 97-104DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.027) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions