Detection of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury with 3D-enhanced T2

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Detection of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury with 3D-enhanced T2 Detection of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury with 3D-enhanced T2* weighted angiography (ESWAN) imaging QiangQiang Gang, Jianing Zhang, Peng Hao, Yikai Xu European Journal of Radiology Volume 82, Issue 11, Pages 1973-1980 (November 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023 Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Striatal T2* values. Box plots showing the spatiotemporal evolution of T2* values in striatum. After the establishment of HI/R, the T2* values increased and reached the peak value at 3d. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Subcortical border region T2* values. Box plots showing the spatiotemporal evolution of T2* values in the subcortical border region. After the establishment of HI/R, the T2* values decreased at 2h, and then increased and reached the peak value at 24h. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Subcortical border region R2* values. Box plots showing the spatiotemporal evolution of R2* values in the subcortical border region. After the establishment of HI/R, the R2* values increased at 2h, and then decreased and reached nadir at 24h. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Striatal R2* values. Box plots showing the spatiotemporal evolution of R2* values in striatum. After the establishment of HI/R, the R2* values decreased and reached nadir at 3d. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 T2* maps at 72h of different slices (a) and (b), 24h (c), 5d (d) and (e), and 2h (g) after HI/R injury. T2* maps before HI/R injury (f). There were large areas of increased signal in the bilateral striatum and the left subcortical border region. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 R2* maps at 24h (a) and 72h of different slices (b) and (c), 5d (d) and (e), and 2h (g) after HI/R injury. R2* maps before HI/R injury (f). Signal intensity was decreased in the bilateral striatum and the left subcortical border region. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Phase maps at 72h of different slices (a) and (b) and 24h (c) after HI/R injury. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 Magnitude maps at 72h of different slices (a) and (b) and 24h (c) after HI/R injury. There were patches of abnormal signal intensity within the striatal and the subcortical border region. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 9 Conventional T1WI (a), T2WI (b), T2FLAIR (c), and DWI (d). There were no abnormal signal changes. DWI showed multiple foci of abnormally high signal in the subcortical white matter and the neostriatum. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 10 3D SWI images of different slices at 24h (a)–(c) and 6h (d) after HI/R injury. 3D SWI images showed small petechial hemorrhages in the bilateral striatal and thalamic areas (circles in (b)–(d)) and dilated paraventricular intramedullary veins (circles in a and arrows). European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 11 Histochemical micrographs of piglet brain at 72h (a) and (b) and 12h (c) and (d) after HI/R injury showing H&E staining (a), (c), and (d) and AQP-4 immunolabeling (b). The neurons appear swollen and gaps around small blood vessels are widened (magnification 400×). We also detected accumulations of erythrocytes (d). AQP-4 expression is detected as dots along the cell membrane (magnification 400×; arrow). AQP-4 expression is marked as dots along the cell membrane. AQP-4 expression is marked as dots along the cell membrane. AQP-4 expression is marked as dots along the cell membrane. AQP-4 expression is marked as dots along the cell membrane. European Journal of Radiology 2013 82, 1973-1980DOI: (10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.023) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions