ALMA User Perspective: Galactic Studies Some Topics in the Origins of Solar Systems David J. Wilner Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Schematic Origins of Solar Systems core formation and initial conditions Alves et al. 2001 105 yr protostar J. Jørgensen 107 yr 100 AU pre-main-sequence star and protoplanetary disk McCaughren & O’Dell 1996 108 yr star, planetary system, debris Marois et al. 2010 sequence of mass evolution: from dense core to star + debris ALMA images dust and gas at key long wavelengths ~ 0.3 to 9 mm

ALMA: Large, Best Site, Best Receivers…  much deeper individual spectro-imaging studies and statistical views, ALMA SMA CARMA IRAM PdBI ALMA Early Science inspired by E. Rosolowsky

Chris Stark dusty KB model Debris Disk Structure ALMA Wilner et al. 2011 ALMA Early Science Chris Stark dusty KB model ALMA star disk Nilsson et al. 2009 >15% of nearby stars from infrared excess 2nd generation dust, collisions >km bodies e.g. β Pic, A6V, 19 pc small dust ≠ large dust

Terrestrial Planet Zone Debris HD 69830: K0V, 12.5 pc mid-IR: dust at ~1 AU, terrestrial planet zone outside 3 Neptune mass radial velocity planets about 0.3 mJy at 450 mm 0.2 arcsec = 2.5 AU Mark Wyatt ALMA Lovis et al. 2006 inclination  planet masses non-axisymmetric structure? synoptic studies? Beichman et al. 2005, Lisse et al. 2007

Protoplanetary Disk Dust CARMA 1.3 mm DG Tau RY Tau Isella et al. 2010 100 AU 1-10 Myr, gas and trace dust structure, holes, gaps, planets! 100’s at 150 pc, 1000’s <1 kpc SMA 870 μm Sean Andrews 870 mm Williams et al. 2005 at the limits of ALMA Wolf & D’Angelo 2005 5 AU

Protoplanetary Disk Gas kinematics, accretion, chemistry, dispersal Oberg et al. 2010 HD 163296 CO J= 3-2 @44 m/s Hughes et al. 2011 Aikawa 2006

Protostars: Infall, Disk, Outflow nature of collapse? redshifted absorption DiFrancesco et al. 2001 role of B field? dust polarization Girart et al. 2006 disk formation, evolution, stability? spatial filtering Menv, Mdisk Keene & Masson 1990 outflow origins? collimation, rotation F. Gueth Spitzer 3.6, 4.5, 8.0 μm and SCUBA 850 μm Jørgensen et al. 2009

Concluding Remarks ALMA offers unprecedented sensitivity at millimeter wavelengths (already at start of Early Science) many fundamental issues to address, e.g. from dense cores to debris reach Solar System scales for 100’s to 1000’s of sources expect a lot of surprises ALMA