Origins and Development of authoritarian and single pary states

The nature of single-party states Are right-wing and left-wing states very different in their goals, policies and structures? P. 327; sources

Historical Context War Economic crisis Political instability Lack of leadership Unpopular or tyrannical governments Fear of revolution New ideas introduced in politics Nationalism, independence movements

The Leader Physical characteristics- size, phycical appearence, personal magnetism ( charisma), ability to articulate Personal skills, qualities ( public speaking, as a writer, personal charm Ability to recruit and gain support of other powerful and talented individuals Personal history, evidence of heroism, courage, personal sacrifice Motivation and commitment

Weak or unpopular policies The Elimination of opposition/ why is it difficult to resist a single-party system? Weak or unpopular policies Rigid or insensitive attitudes to some sectors of the population Lack of experience and a failure to recognize problems Failure to bring reforms or a determination to retain traditional structures and policies Divided leadership Underestimating the strength / popularity of the opposition

Elimination of opposition/ groups Religious minorities Trade unions Political parties Social classes Media organisations Armed forces/ police Businessmen Local of state governments

How?