Derivatization of Carbon Nanotubes by the ZnO and ZnS nanoparticles Jerzy (George) Peszke Jan Dlugosz University, Czestochowa, Poland Leszek Stobinski Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland Hong – Ming Lin Tatung University, Taipei, Taiwan

Structures of Carbon Nanotubes SWNTs can be formed by rolling the graphene sheet along lattice vectors

Structures of Carbon Nanotubes Empty channel Well aligned MWCNTs Caps of MWCNTs MWCNTs Bamboo like Bundled SWCNTs

Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes HOMO-LUMO Gap: For (n, m); n-m is divisible by 3 [Metallic CNTs] 0 - 0.1 eV For (n, m); n-m is not divisible by 3 [Semiconducting CNTs] < 1 eV Electrical Transport Conductance Quantization 12.9 (kW)-1 Resistivity 10-4 W*cm Maximum Current Density 1013 A/m2 Maximum Current Transmission 1GA/cm3 (copper wire ~1000 less) Field emission on distance 1000 nm 1-3V (molybdenum electrode on the same distance 50-100V) Thermal Transport Thermal Conductivity ~ 2000 W/m/K Phonon Mean Free Path ~ 100 nm Relaxation Time ~ 10-11 s Elastic Behaviour Young's Modulus (SWNT) ~ 1 TPa Young's Modulus (MWNT) 1.28 TPa (70 GPa for aluminium and 700 GPa for C-fibber) Maximum Tensile Strength ~ 100 GPa (the high-grades steel are broken on ~2GPa)

Chemical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes

Chemical Modification Carbon Nanotubes

Chemical Modification Carbon Nanotubes CdSe / ZnS QD – about 700 atoms Carbon Nanotubes modified by QDs via aminomorpholine

Carbon Nanotubes Modification

ZnS bonded with Carbon Nanotubes MWCNTS bonded with ZnS through dodecylamine linker

ZnS bonded with Carbon Nanotubes ZnS bonded with MWCNTs through 2-aminoethylthiol linker

ZnS bonded with Carbon Nanotubes ZnS bonded with MWCNTs through 2-aminoethylmorpholine linker

ZnS bonded with Carbon Nanotubes MWCNTS – COOH with ZnS nanoparticle (MWCNTS – COOH – QD model)

Carbon nanotubes complexes with ZnS EDX spectra of complexes MWCNTS with ZnS TEM images of complexes MWCNTS with ZnS

Carbon nanotubes complexes with ZnO Raman spectra of complexes MWCNTS-COOH/ZnO (high concentration of ZnO) EDX spectra of complexes MWCNTS with ZnO (low concentration of ZnO) TEM images of complexes MWCNTS with ZnO (high concentration of ZnO)

Conclusions Physico-chemical properties of CNTs are determined by their structure and purity Modifications of the CNTs geometry by attaching different chemical functional groups to CNTs can change their physical-chemical properties Modified CNTs are very promising starting material for synthesis of new nano-materials (also as templates) Designing of new nano-materials also requires their structure modification XIXth century – century of water vapor, XXth century – century of silicon, XXIth century – century of nano-materials

Thank you for attention