Contribution of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein and Nitric Oxide in the Pathogenesis of Early Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction in Egyptian population Ingy M. Hashad1 , Mohamed F. Abdel Rahman1, Laila K. Effat 2, Khalda S. Amr2, Nabil M. Farag3, Mohamed Z. Gad1 1 Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt 2 Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt 3 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Background: Subjects & Methods: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death for both genders worldwide. The molecular mechanisms for the pathogenesis of MI, however, remain to be fully elucidated. Control Subjects: Random unrelated 101 healthy subjects were recruited. Information on personal and family medical history and health-relevant behaviors, including exercise and diet was obtained by a routine questionnaire filled in by blood donors at the time of venesection. AMI Patients: Random unrelated 104 AMI patients were recruited from the intensive care unit of El Demerdash Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Exclusion criteria included any concomitant acute or chronic severe diseases such as renal failure, hepatic insufficiency, chronic cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and age above 55. Risk factors for atherosclerosis & MI: 1- Smoking 2- High blood pressure 3- Diabetes 4- High Cholesterol 5- Gender 6- Obesity 7- Depression 8-Metabolic syndrome Fig. (5): Serum levels of NO in control & AMI subjects. Fig. (6): Serum levels of ox-LDL in control & AMI subjects. r = 0.199 P = 0.047 r = 0.351 P = 0.0003 Table (1): The general characteristics of control & AMI subjects. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Groups Control AMI Number (M/F) 101 (70/31) 104 (69/35) Age (years) M: 28.44 ± 0.94 F: 28.65 ± 1.95 M: 46.8 ± 0.73 F: 45.23 ± 1.07 Fig. (8): Correlation between serum NO and TC levels in AMI   Fig. ( 7): Correlation between serum NO and TC levels in controls   Fig. (1) : Stages of myocardial infarction Fig. (2) : Stages of atherosclerosis in cross section of artery r = 0.252 P = 0.017 r = 0.337 P = 0.001 Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction: Methods: Serum Ox-LDL levels were determined quantitatively using ELISA technique. Serum NO levels were determined calorimetrically by Griess method. Results: Fig. (9): Correlation between serum ox-LDL and TC levels in AMI Fig. (10):Correlation between serum ox-LDL and NO levels in AMI Conclusions: ECG changes indicatives of MI Severe chest pain Cardiac Enzyme Markers Association of oxidative stress and inflammation, represented by ox-LDL and NO respectively, with the incidence of AMI. Objectives: Investigate the contribution of oxidative stress, represented by Oxidized low density liopprotein (ox-LDL), in the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Predict the role of inflammation, represented by nitric oxide (NO), in the pathogenesis of early onset AMI. Correlate these biochemical markers together . References: Clinical Biochemistry: An illustrated colour text, A. Gaw et al., Churchill Livingstone. Clinical Chemistry: Interpretation and Techniques, A. Kaplan & L.L. Szabo, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. This study was supported financially by Science and Technology Development (STDF) Fund , Grant No. 2951. Fig. (3): Serum levels of TG in control & AMI subjects. Fig. (4): Serum levels of TC in control & AMI subjects.