9.5 Solutions stoichiometry.

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Solutions stoichiometry.

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9.5 Solutions stoichiometry

Stoichiometry Overview Recall that in stoichiometry the mole ratio provides a necessary conversion factor: grams (x)  moles (x)  moles (y)  grams (y) molar mass of x molar mass of y mole ratio from balanced equation For solutions: volume (x)  moles (x)  moles (y)  volume (y) mol/L of x mol/L of y mole ratio from balanced equation

What types of information can we solve for? A concentration of any chemical in mol/L The volume of a chemical required to react with another Mass of a chemical Moles of a chemical

Example of Solving for __________________ Ex. 1 Ammonium sulfate is manufactured by reacting sulfuric acid with ammonia. What concentration of sulfuric acid is needed to react with 24.4 mL of a 2.20 mol/L ammonia solution if 50.0 mL of sulfuric acid is used?

Example of Solving for______________________ Calcium hydroxide is sometimes used in water treatment plants to clarify water for residential use. Calculate the volume of 0.0250 mol/L calcium hydroxide solution that can be completely reacted with 25.0 mL of 0.125 mol/L aluminum sulfate solution.

Example of Solving for______________________ A chemistry teacher wants 75.0 mL of 0.200 mol/L iron(Ill) chloride solution to react completely with an excess of 0.250 mol/L sodium carbonate solution. What mass of precipitate could form?

Assignment H2SO4 reacts with NaOH, producing water and sodium sulfate. What volume of 2.0 M H2SO4 will be required to react completely with 75 mL of 0.50 mol/L NaOH? How many moles of Fe(OH)3 are produced when 85.0 L of iron(III) sulfate at a concentration of 0.600 mol/L reacts with excess NaOH? What mass of precipitate will be produced from the reaction of 50.0 mL of 2.50 mol/L sodium hydroxide with an excess of zinc chloride solution.

Assignment a) What volume of 0.20 mol/L AgNO3 will be needed to react completely with 25.0 mL of 0.50 mol/L potassium phosphate? b) What mass of precipitate is produced from the above reaction? What mass of precipitate should result when 0.550 L of 0.500 mol/L aluminum nitrate solution is mixed with 0.240 L of 1.50 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution?