Lecture 4. Coastal Resilience

Leading Discussions Sep 19th: Coastal Development, Recreation, Access Daniel, Shereen Sep 26th : Hazards Patricia, Jim Oct 3rd: Sea Level Rise Hannah, Miles Oct 24: Fisheries Management/Four Fish Emily, Wiley Nov 14: MPAs, IFQs, Knowledge Zoe, Lucia Dec 5: Marine Debris/Ocean Acidification Kimberly, Natalie, Micheal

Regime Shifts Folke et al. 2004 Regime Shifts, Resilience, and Biodiversity in Ecosystem Management

Ecosystem Services “Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems. These include provisioning services such as food and water; regulating services such as regulation of floods, drought, land degradation, and disease; supporting services such as soil formation and nutrient cycling; and cultural services such as recreational, spiritual, religious and other nonmaterial benefits.”

Holling Definition: RESLIENCE: A measure of the persistence of systems and of their capacity to absorb change and disturbance and still maintain the same relationships between populations or state variables.

http://www.resalliance.org

Coastal Planning Dimensions Resilience of Land Use and Built Environment Ecological Resilience Social Resilience Economic Resilience

http://www.resalliance.org http://coastalresilience.org/

NOAA

NOAA: Ecosystem Research Challenge Workshop GOALS A comprehensive Ecosystem Research Agenda would strategically align and integrate the agency’s science assets, partnerships, and capabilities to facilitate the research needed to support the sustainable use, protection, and restoration of coastal and marine ecosystems, as well as the ecosystem services they provide. NOAA should develop and implement a comprehensive strategy for an ecosystem approach to research. NOAA’s Ecosystem Research Agenda should build a greater understanding of the ecosystem processes and dynamics that support and sustain the ecosystem services that are key to meeting NOAA’s mandates and mission. This approach should be structured around key questions about the environmental and societal factors that affect ecosystems, the responses of ecosystems to these factors, and the subsequent effects on ecosystem services, as well as questions about the ecosystem services that affect the human condition.

Ecosystem Definition: A geographically specified system of organisms (including humans), the environment, and the processes that control its dynamics (NOAA) NOAA defines ecosystem research as the systematic study directed toward fuller scientific knowledge or understanding of geographically determined systems of organisms (including humans), the environment, and the processes that control the system dynamics. Environment is the biological, chemical, physical, and social conditions that surround organisms. - Adapted from Murawski & Matlock, 20061 and OMB, 20042

Ecosystem Service Themes: Safe and Sustainable Seafood Sustained Cultural & Recreational Benefits from Coasts & Oceans Vibrant & Robust Coastal Communities & Economies Abundant & Diverse Wildlife (including all organisms)

Qualities of a Resilient World (Walker and Salt 2006) Diversity Ecological Variability Modularity Acknowledging Slow Variables Tight Feedbacks Social Capital Innovation Overlap in Governance Ecosystem Services